Walter Adolph Gropius

Walter Adolph Gropius (May 18, 1883 - July 5, 1969) was a German architect and founder of Bauhaus.

Born in Berlin, Walter Gropius was the third son of a building advisor to the government with the same name, and Manon Auguste Pauline Scharnweber (1855-1933) whose family owned a manor near Berlin.

Gropius was an architect, like his father before him, and designed buildings which used modern materials and are often compared to abstract paintings. He founded the Bauhaus, a school of design where students were taught to use modern and innovative materials to create original furniture and buildings.

Gropius married his former mistress Alma Schindler after the death of her husband Gustav Mahler, and they had a daughter, Manon (1916-1935). When she died of polio aged seventeen, composer Alban Berg wrote his Violin Concerto in her memory. Gropius' marriage to Alma did not last and Alma later married again, to Franz Werfel.

Gropius left Germany in 1934 due to the rising power of the Nazi Party and lived and worked in Britain and then America. He died in 1969 in Boston, Massachusetts. He was known to be have a snappy sense of style and was often seen wearing a bowtie.

Important buildings

• Bauhaus, 1919-1925, Dessau, Germany
• Gropius House, 1937, Lincoln, Massachusetts
• Harvard Graduate Center, 1950, Cambridge, Massachusetts
• Interbau Apartment House, 1957, Berlin, Germany, with TAC and Wils Ebert
• Metlife Building, 1963, New York, New York

Gropius and Alma are mentioned in Tom Lehrer's song Alma.