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simplicity is a lifestyle considered by its adherents to be a sustainable, ecologically sensitive alternative to the typical, western consumerist lifestyle.
People who practise voluntary simplicity act consciously to reduce their need for purchased services or goods and, by extension, their need to sell their time for money. Quite often, this means that people who practise this lifestyle must do many things for themselves, such as gardening and cooking, sewing, and constructing or maintaining a home.
There are some North Americans who have successfully applied voluntary simplicity techniques to allow them to live on an income of only a few thousand dollars a year. However, it is important to note that money is not the major reason to practise this lifestyle. Most do it to improve their quality of life in one of many dimensions: financial, spirituality, interpersonal relationships, family, etc.
Monks in the middle ages were possibly the earliest practitioners of organized lifestyles of voluntary poverty, though the use of fasts of short duration are common in many cultures throughout history.
The Luddites, a group of English weavers who smashed automated looms during the industrial revolution, held similar views. There are "New Luddite" or eco-anarchist groups in the United States and Canada today promoting lifestyles of simplicity.
In North America, religious groups including the Shakers, Mennonites, Amish, and some Quakers have for centuries practiced lifestyles where some forms of wealth or technology are excluded for religious or philosophical reasons.
The modern version of Voluntary Simplicity was named by the seminal book of the same title by Duane Elgin.
The Green Parties have been much influenced by the above groups and often advocate voluntary simplicity as a consequence of their four pillars or Ten Key Values. This includes in policy terms rejection of genetic modification and nuclear weapons and other potentially hazardous technologies beyond human control.
Many with similar views avoid involvement even with green politics as compromising simplicity, however, and advocate forms of green anarchism that attempt to implement these principles at smaller scale than modern nations, e.g.the ecovillage.
Eliminating the role of television in one's life is a dominant theme in many recent essays regarding simplicity. Writers of these essays see television both as a waste of time and as an implicit advocate of consumerism. Advertising in particular seems to be regarded as an evil by most of the authors. Some see community radio or pirate radio as a viable alternative without the visual distraction; one can, after all, work while listening, but not while watching.
Computer addiction is also a subject of recent interest. Some see computers as sources of instant knowledge (e.g. as in BambooWeb). Others see them as necessarily distracting from the local immediate people and places, and providing a form of false community called "virtual community" which is all too often distracting from body, family and life as lived within same.
Electronics of all kinds require a complex industrial base and knowledge of physics and materials science, which may be part of a military-industrial complex, and so may defeat some of the purposes of voluntary simplicity movements, or lead in the long run to other forms of domination.
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