Vienna Arbitrations

The two Vienna Awards or Vienna Arbitration Awards or Vienna Arbitral Awards or Vienna Diktats or Viennese Arbitrals is the name of two arbitral awards (1938 and 1940), by which arbiters of the National Socialist Germany and of Fascist Italy tried to enforce territorial claims of the Revisionist Hungary ruled by Horthy peacefully. The awards enabled Hungary to occupy territories in present-day Slovakia, Ukraine and Romania, which Hungary had lost by the Treaty of Trianon in 1920 in the course of the dissolution of Austria-Hungary at the end of World War I, and had always tried to recapture since then.

First Vienna Award

Main article:First Vienna Award

By this award, on November 2 1938 Germany and Italy forced Czechoslovakia (and later Slovakia) to cede southern Slovakia and southern Carpatho - Ukraine to Hungary

Second Vienna Award

Main article:Second Vienna Award

The second Vienna Award was rendered om August 30 1940. Germany and Italy forced Romania to cede half of Transylvania to Hungary.The area was henceforward known as "Northern Transylvania". The rest of Transylvania remained Romanian. A week later, on September 7, under the Treaty of Craiova, the Kadrilater or "Quadrilateral" (the southern part of Dobrudja) was ceded by Romania to Bulgaria.