Variable displacement pump
A variable displacement pump is a device that converts mechanical energy to hydraulic (fluid) energy. These devices can also be reversable, meaning that they can motor or generate mechanical energy from hydraulic energy. The displacement can be adjusted to increase or decrease the amount of energy transfered.
A common variable displacement pump used in vehicle technology is the axial piston pump. This pump uses a swashplate to change the displacement by changing the angle and thus changing the stroke distance of the pistons.
A very efficient design is called the bent axis pump. Bending the axis is done to get rid of problems associated with side loads on the pistons.