U.S. presidential election, 1984
| Presidential Candidate | Electoral Vote |
Popular Vote |
Pct |
Party
| Running Mate
(Electoral Votes) |
| Ronald Wilson Reagan of California (W) |
525 |
54,455,000 |
58.8% |
Republican |
George Herbert Walker Bush of Texas (525) |
| Walter Frederick Mondale of Minnesota |
13 |
37,577,000 |
40.5% |
Democrat |
Geraldine Anne Ferraro of New York (13) |
| David Bergland |
0 |
228,705 |
0.3% |
Libertarian |
Jim Lewis (0) |
| Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr. |
0 |
78,807 |
0.1% |
Independent |
Billy Davis (0) |
| Other |
0 |
303,000 |
0.3% |
|
| Total |
538 |
92,652,842 |
100.0% |
|
|
|
|---|
Ronald Reagan was unopposed as the nominee for the Republican Party.
The field was crowded in the race for the Democratic nomination
In the Iowa caucuses, the results were as follows: Hart 37.3%, Mondale 27.9%, Glenn 12.0%, Jackson 5.3%, McGovern 5.2%, Reagan 5.0%, Hollings 3.5%, Cranston 2.1%, Askew 1.0%.
Jackson was the second African-American (after Shirley Chisholm) to mount a nationwide campaign for the President. He garnered 3.5 million votes during the primaries, third behind Hart and Mondale. Through the process, Jackson helped confirm the black electorate's importance to the Democratic Party. During the campaign, however, Jackson made an off-the-record reference to Jews as "Hymies" and New York City as "Hymietown", for which he later apologized.
Gary Hart managed to mount a very successful campaign, winning the New Hampshire, Ohio, and California primaries as well as many others, especially in the west, but he couldn't overcome Mondale, who received the majority of the delegates. Mondale used the Wendy's slogan "where's the beef" to describe Hart's policies during the primaries.
Mondale won the nomination, and chose U.S. Rep. Geraldine A. Ferraro of New York as his running mate, making her the first woman nominated for that position by a major party. Mondale ran a liberal campaign, supporting a nuclear freeze and the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA). He spoke against what he considered to be unfairness in Reagan's economic policies and the need to reduce federal budget deficits.
When he made his acceptance speech at the Democratic Convention, Mondale said: "Let's tell the truth. Mr. Reagan will raise taxes, and so will I. He won't tell you. I just did." Although he intended this to demonstrate that he was honest while Reagan was hypocritical, it was widely remembered as simply a campaign pledge to raise taxes, and it hurt him in the end. In 1986, Reagan did sign into law a bill that raised taxes for corporations, but at the same time cut taxes further for individual taxpayers.
General Election
At a campaign stop in Hammonton, New Jersey, Reagan said "America's future rests in a thousand dreams inside your hearts. It rests in the message of hope in songs of a man so many young Americans admire, New Jersey's Bruce Springsteen." The Reagan campaign also adopted Springsteen's "Born In The U.S.A." as its theme until Springsteen demanded it stop. Springsteen officially endorsed Mondale.
By this point, Reagan was the oldest president to have ever served, and there were many questions about his capacity to endure the grueling demands of the presidency. In the second debate against Mondale on October 21, 1984, Reagan effectively neutralized the issue with the following quip: "I will not make age an issue of this campaign. I am not going to exploit, for political purposes, my opponent's youth and inexperience."
Reagan was re-elected in a landslide, winning every state except Minnesota and the District of Columbia, and receiving nearly 60 percent of the popular vote. Political commentators used the term Reagan Democrat to describe the defection of Democrats to voting for Reagan in the election.
External links and references
See also: President of the United States, U.S. presidential election, 1984, History of the United States (1980-1988)
