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Treadmill is an indoor sporting tool used to allow for running without moving any distances.
The principal is a belt system (a motor driving a circular run of material) - the top of the belt moving to the rear so as to allow a runner to run an equal, and necessarily opposite speed, thus the speed of the run can easily be set (the rate at which the belt moves is the rate at which the runner moves - unless they wish to fall off).
As the treadmill is basically a conveyor belt things other than running may be performed. When professional cyclists are tested they will use their own bikes (instead of a bike machine) on a treadmill). If horses are being tested (especially in jockey racing) they will be put on a specially constructed treadmill.