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As defined by Erving Goffman, a total institution is an social microcosm dictated by hegemony and clear hierarchy; examples include boarding schools, concentration camps, prisons, mental institutions and boot camps.
Rites of passage and indoctrination occur within these confines in such a way that the total institution acts as a secret society within the society, one which shapes newcomers willingly or unwillingly into a new and more or less permanent social role.
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