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League of the Three Emperors ("Dreikaiserbund") 1873
Conservatives in the three countries were wary of the growing threat (as they perceived it) of liberalism and so created a league of nations that would protect their more conservative forms of government. At the time, Germany had a Kaiser; Austria-Hungary had an emperor; and Russia had a czar who claimed divine right.
The league was resurrected in 1881 but soon fell apart and after 1894 Russia found itself in the opposing camp with France.