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Thermodynamic efficiency (e) is defined as:
<math>e \equiv \frac{W}{Q}<math>
where W is the absolute value of the work done in one thermodynamic cycle and Q is the absolute value of the change in heat done in one cycle.
For heat engines, Sadi Carnot derived efficiency as a function of the temperature of its hot and cold reservoirs:
<math> e \equiv \frac{T_H - T_C}{T_H}<math>
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