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An academic term is the time during which a school, college or university holds classes. Most such schools use either semesters or quarters.
A semester lasts typically between 15-18 weeks. Institutions usually have two (spring and fall) semesters in an academic year, with the possibility of a summer semester as well.
A quarter lasts between eight and 12 weeks, and there are typically three (fall, winter and spring) per year, again with the possibility of a summer quarter.
See also summer school