Rolex
Rolex is the brand of Swiss wristwatches and accessories renowed for their quality, as well as their cost. The watches have become status symbols of the wealthy.
The company was founded by Hans Wilsdorf, a German businessman who registered the trademark Rolex in 1908. The word was made up but its origin is obscure: One story, never confirmed by Wilsdorf, it that it came from the French term horlogerie exquise, meaning exquisite watch industry.
Wilsdorf's original company, Wilsdorf & Davies, was founded in London in 1905, but he switched the name to Rolex as part of a drive to popularize wrist-watches, which at the time were still considered a novelty largely for women. The company moved out of Britain in 1912 for tax and export-duty reasons. It is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
Among the company's innovations was a self-winding watch in 1931, powered by an internal mechanism that used the movement of the wearer's arm. This not only made watch-winding unnecessary, but eliminted the problem of over-winding a watch and harming its mechanism.
Rolex has also made a reputation in watches suitable for deep-sea diving, including the Oyster Perpetual Sea Dweller 2000 in 1971. It was the first watch to incorporate a gas release valve, to dispense helium during decompression.
Among modern Rolex watches are the Air-King, GMT, Submariner, and Yacht-Master. Most Rolexes have a case design called the Oyster. Dressy, unique designs are called Cellini. Types of Rolex bracelets are the Oyster, the Jubilee, and the President. Other products made by Rolex include sunglasses.
Like many high-priced brand-name accessories, Rolex watches are often counterfeited and sold in markets around the world that cater to tourists. These fakes are mainly produced in China and Taiwan and retail for about $20. Even the self-winding mechanical movements are sometimes copied, giving fakes that laymen will find difficult to distinguish from the originals. However, the cheap movements often stop functioning properly after a short time.
