Quota
A quota is a prescribed number or share of something.
In common language, especially in business, a quota is a time-measured goal for production or achievement. An assembly line worker might have a quota for the number of products made; a salesperson might have a quota to meet for weekly sales; a police officer might have a quota for tickets issued or arrests made.
In proportional representation, a quota is a lowerbound on the number of votes needed to be elected. There are a number of such schemes:
In affirmative action:
In immigration:
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