Perfect gas
Ideal gas (also called perfect gas) is a hypothetical gas which obeys the gas laws exactly. An ideal gas consists of molecules which occupy negligible space and among which negligible forces exist, except at collisions. All collisions between molecules or between molecules and the walls of a container are perfectly elastic, as the molecules have no means of storing energy except as translational kinetic energy. Ideal gas is a good approximation for diluted real gases.
At lower temperatures and higher densities, it may be necessary to treat effects of quantum-mechanical statistics even before those of interactions. In such cases, the concept of an ideal gas is extended to that of an ideal Fermi gas or Bose gas.
The ideal gas law relates physical conditions as follows (universal gas equation):
- <math>
p \cdot V = n \cdot R \cdot T
<math>
where
See also
