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OpenMath is the name of a standard content markup language for mathematical formulas, designed among others to provide an extension mechanism for MathML Content Markup.
OpenMath consists of the definition of "OpenMath Objects", an abstract datatype for describing the logical structure of a mathematical formula, and the definition of "OpenMath Content Dictionaries", or collections of names for mathematical concepts. The names available from the latter type of collections are specifically intended for use in extending MathML, and conversely, a basic set of such "Content Dictionaries" has been designed to be compatible with the small set of mathematical concepts defined in MathML-Content.
OpenMath has been developed in a long series of workshops and (mostly European) research projects that began in 1993 and continues through today. There has been a considerable overlap throughout between the developers of MathML-Content and OpenMath.