NRAM

NRAM (Nonvolatile Random Access Memory) is a user-programmable memory chip whose data is retained when power to the chip is turned off. NRAM is used in many modems to store default settings.

The most well known example would be ferromagnetic memory used in the 1950s and '60s.

Today, the closest type of memory to NRAM is Flash memory used in portable MP3 players. (it is really EEPROM, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, but it can be rewritten thousands, sometimes million times.)

Currently, there are many types of NRAM being developed for wide application based on various technologies, such as carbon nanotube technology, magnetic tunnel effect, Ovonic Unified Memory based on phase-change technology, and FeRAM ferromagnetic RAM.