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Nanjing (南京, Pinyin: Nánjīng, Wade-Giles: Nan-ching; Postal System Pinyin: Nanking) is the capital city and center for economy, trade, commerce and politics of Jiangsu Province in the People's Republic of China. It is situated in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River at 32°03'N, 118°47'E. Nanjing is the second largest city in the region, Shanghai being first.
| Abbreviation: 宁 (pinyin: Ning) | |
| Origin of Name | 南 Nan - South 京 Jing - Capital Put together - Southern Capital |
| Seat of Government | Xuanwu District |
| Area | 6421 km² |
| Population - Total (Year) - Density | Ranked 1st 5,410,000 965.58/km² |
| GDP in RMB¥ - Total (Year) - per capita | Ranked xth 141.06 billion ¥ 27128 ¥ |
| put miscellaneous info, like tree, flower, language, religion etc. here | |
| Administration Type | Sub-provincial city |
| CPC Nanjing Committee Secretary | Luo Zhijun |
| Mayor | Jiang Hongshen |
| County-level divisions | 13 |
| Township-level divisions | 129 |
| Postal Code | 210000--211300 |
| Area Code | 025 |
| License Plate Prefix | 苏A |
Nanjing has been well known as a cultural and educational center in China for more than a thousand years. It is one of the four ancient capitals of China and was the capital for ten dynasties and/or kingdoms.
Nanjing had been the economic center for the Yangtze River delta region for hundreds of years. Its GDP per capita was ¥27128 (ca. US$3280) in 2003, ranked No.31 among 659 Chinese cities.
In 495 B.C., the State of Wu established Yecheng (冶城) in today's Nanjing city area.
The State of Yue conquered Wu and established Yuecheng 越城 in 473 B.C..
The State of Chu established Jīnlíng (金陵) in this area in 229 (it met total annihilation in AD 589 and became farmland thereafter), a later Jinling built in 914, and the early Ming capital Nánjīng constructed in 1366.
Nanjing was also the capital of the Taiping Rebellion in the mid-19th century.
After the Northern Expedition in 1928, the Kuomintang under Chiang Kai-Shek established Nanjing as the capital of China in opposition to a government in Beijing led by northern warlords, and an alternate government in Wuhan led by Wang Jingwei. After the completion of the Northern Expedition in 1931, Chiang's government became the only recognized Chinese government.
In 1937 the city fell to the Japanese, who massacred prisoners-of-war, refugees and its residents during the Battle of Nanjing (see Nanjing Massacre). Chiang moved his government to Chongqing City, and the Japanese established a puppet government in Nanjing under Wang Jingwei. After the end of World War II, Nanjing was reestablished as the capital of the Republic of China. In 1949, after the defeat of Chiang's forces on the Mainland, the capital of the People's Republic of China was established in Beijing. The Republic of China on Taiwan continues to recognize Nanjing as its "official" capital, while Taipei is deemed as only "temporary."
Nanjing is the transportation hub in eastern China and the downstream Yangtze River area. Five means of transportation such as railway, waterway, aviation constitute a three-dimensional and mass transport volume traffic network all-round.
Nanjing Port is a port for foreign trade leading to the Pacific ocean and western countries. The port area is 98 kilometres in full length and has 64 berths including 16 berths for ships with a tonnage of more than 10,000.
Within Nanjing, there are over 60 highway long-distance passenger traffic lines leading to all parts of the province; the Tianjin-Pukou, Shanghai-Nanjing and Nanjing-Wuhu Trunk Railways meet in Nanjing which has become an important hub of railways linking north, east and central China. The main railway
After extension, the Nanjing International Airport has more than 20 air lines lea ding to all major cities in the country. Airlines such as Air China and Southern China serve the city. With the start of construction of the new airport, Nanjing will have a modernized airport.
There is an intricate system of buses for transporation inside the city. Taxis are also in no shortage.
Being one of six major telecommunication hubs in the country, Nanjing has a telecommunication network which is composed of multiple modes and linking with all parts of the country and all countries in the world.
Nanjing is a popular tourist city, with probably the largest number of heritage tourist sites in China, including the world's longest ancient circumvallation, the largest ancient imperial lake garden (Xuanwuhu Lake Park), and the greatest traditional Chinese commercial center (the Purple Mountain
Nanjing have been an educational center of China for more than one thousand years. Nowadays, it boasts with some of the most prominent educational insitutions in the region, which are listed as follows；
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