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Mireya Elisa Moscoso Rodríguez de Arias (born July 1, 1946) was the President of Panama from 1999 to 2004, representing the Arnulfista Party.
The widow of former president Arnulfo Arias, Moscoco became president on September 1, 1999. She ran on a campaign to reduce poverty, improve education, and slow down the country's privatization process.
She was succeeded on September 1, 2004 by Martín Torrijos, who was elected in May 2004. Days before the end of her term, she pardoned four Cuban exiles accused of plotting to assassinate Fidel Castro, causing Cuba to break off diplomatic relations with Panama.