Mengchiang
Mengjiang (蒙疆 in pinyin: Méngjiāng; in Wade-Giles: Meng-chiang; Postal Pinyin: Mengkiang, literal meaning: "Mongolian Territories"), also known in English as Mongol Border Land, was a puppet state in northern China (consisted of Chahar and Suiyuan provinces) controlled by Japan.
History
Formed in June 28, 1936 and initially named the Mengjiang Joint Committee (蒙疆聯合委員會), it was renamed in September 1939 the Mengjiang United Autonomous Government (蒙疆聯合自治政府). On December 8th, 1937, Mongolian Prince De Wang declared the independence of Inner Mongolia as Mengkiang or Mengkukuo and signed close agreements with Manchukuo and Japan, reverting Inner Mongolia to a puppet of the Japanese Empire. The capital was established at Chan Pei, near Kalgan, with the puppet government's control extending around Hohhot. The capital was later moved. On August 4, 1941, it was again renamed: the Mongolian Autonomous Federation (蒙古自治邦). Although intended to harness Mongol nationalism to support Japanese aims, this goal was undercut by the fact that the Japanese drew the borders of Mengjiang to produce a state that was 80 percent Han Chinese.
The state disappeared in 1945 after Japan lost the second Sino-Japanese War and became part of Inner Mongolia of the People's Republic of China.
Miscellanea
"Mengjiang" can found in the acceptance of chairmanship speech by Demchugdongrub:
- To recover the territories originally owned by the Mongolians
- (收復蒙古固有疆土)
The Japanese established the Bank of Mengjiang that printed its own currency without years on it. Some traditional local money shops also made currency with Chinese year numbering system, such as the Jiachen Year (甲辰年), on it.
See also: Manchukuo, another Japanese puppet-state
External links and references
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- (The Honest Wang Jingwei) (in Chinese)
- (in traditional Chinese, with background midi music)
