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A maphack is a cheat in real-time strategy games that enables the player to see more of the map than the game intends them to see. A common feature in multiplayer real-time strategy games is the inability for the player to see outside the visibility range of the individual units and buildings that they player controls. This concept is called the fog of war. Maphacking enables a cheating player to bypass the fog of war, giving them an advantage over a player who is playing legitimately.
Maphacking has also been used to cheat in other games where map visibility provides an advantage, like Diablo II.