List of official languages
Afrikaans:
- South Africa (with English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Albanian:
Arabic:
Armenian:
Assamese:
- India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)
Aymara
- Bolivia (with Spanish and Quechua)
- Peru (with Spanish and Quechua)
Azeri:
Bahasa Indonesia:
Belarusian:
Bengali:
- Bangladesh
- India (with English, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Assamese, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Kashmiri, Sanskrit, Sindhi)
Bulgarian:
Catalan:
Croatian
Danish
Dari:
Dutch:
Dzongkha:
English:
- Australia
- Bahamas
- Botswana (but the national language is Setswana)
- Canada (federally, with French)
- Éire (with Irish)
- Fiji (with Bau Fijian and Hindustani)
- part of the People's Republic of China
- India (with Hindi and 14 other languages)
- Kenya (with Kiswahili)
- Kiribati
- Nigeria
- Pakistan
- Papua New Guinea (with Tok Pisin and Motu)
- Republic of Ireland (with Irish)
- South Africa (with Afrikaans, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
- New Zealand (an official language by custom; the other by law is Māori)
- Singapore (with Malay, Tamil and Mandarin)
- Philippines (but the national language is Filipino)
- The Gambia
- parts of the United States. The USA Federal Government does not have an official language; English is the first language by custom, not law. See English-only movement. English is official language in the following states and territories:
Fijian
Filipino:
Finnish:
French:
German:
Greek:
Guarani
Haitian Creole is an official language of:
Hebrew:
Hindi
- India (with English and 14 other languages)
- Fiji (with English and Bau Fijian; known constitutionally as Hindustani as an umbrella term to cover Urdu, as well as Hindi.)
Hungarian:
Irish is the first official language of:
Italian:
Japanese:
Kazakh:
Khmer:
Korean:
Lao:
Latin:
Latvian:
Lithuanian:
Macedonian
Malay:
Māori:
Mandarin Chinese:
Moldovan (asserted by nationalists to be distinct from Romanian; most linguists remain skeptical):
Papua New Guinea (with English and Tok Pisin)
Ndebele:
- South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Nepali:
Northern Sotho:
- South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Norwegian:
- Norway (two official dialects - Bokmål and Nynorsk)
Pashtu:
Polish:
Portuguese:
Punjabi:
- India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)
Quechua
- Bolivia (with Spanish and Aymara)
- Peru (with Spanish and Aymara)
Romanian:
Rhaeto-Romansh:
Russian:
Serbian:
Sinhala:
- Sri Lanka (with Tamil, and with English as a link language)
Slovak language
Slovene:
South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Spanish:
Swahili:
Swazi:
- Swaziland (with English)
- South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Swedish:
Tamil:
- Singapore (with Malay, English and Mandarin)
- India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)
- Sri Lanka (with Sinhala, and with English as a link language)
Tok Pisin:
Tsonga:
- South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Tswana:
- South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Turkish:
Urdu:
- India (with Hindi, English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)
- Pakistan
Venda:
- South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Xhosa, Zulu)
Vietnamese:
Xhosa:
- South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Zulu)
Zulu:
- South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa)
Official languages at the level of state or provincial unit only
Aranese see Occitan
Assamese:
- India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)
Basque:
Bengali:
- Bangladesh
- India (with English, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)
Chipewyan:
Cree:
Dhivehi:
Dogrib:
Frisian:
Galician:
NOTE: Whether Galician is in fact a language, or a dialect of Portuguese, is a matter of debate among linguists.
Gwich'in:
Gujarati:
- India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)
Hawaiian is an official language in:
Inuktitut:
Inuvialuktun:
- parts of Canada
- Nunavut (with English, French, and Inuktitut)
- Northwest Territories (included in Inuktitut; with Chipewyan, Cree, Dogrib, English, French, Gwich'in, and Slavey)
Kannada:
- India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)
Kashmiri:
- India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Sindhi, Sanskrit)
Kurdish:
- part of Iraq (only in Kurdish regions, elsewhere Arabic is official)
Malayalam:
- India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)
Marathi:
- India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)
Occitan (Aranese):
Oriya:
- India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)
Rusyn
- Vojvodina (with Croatian, Serbian, Romanian, Hungarian, Slovak)
Sami
Sanskrit:
- India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi)
Sindhi:
- India (with English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sanskrit)
Slavey:
Telugu:
- India (with English, Bengali, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Sanskrit)
Welsh:
Xhosa:
- South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Zulu)
Zulu:
- South Africa (with Xhosa, Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda)
See also