Kastros



         


For a community in the western Peloponnese in Greece, see Kastro, Greece


Kastros is an early Neolithic settlement in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.

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situation

It lies at the north-easternmost tip of the Karpaz-Peninsula (Cape Andreas), about 4 km North of the monastery of

View on the excavated area, 2002

There are some small pits filled with charcoal and burned stones. Maybe they had been used to prepare food or smoke meat, in the manner of the Polynesian pit ovens and the Irish Fulachta Fiadh.

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Burials

One burial was discovered in a shallow trapezoidal pit measuring 0,75x0,45m. The body lay on the back, with flexed legs, the head to the Northeast, the face turned to the South-East. This type of burial is well known from Khirokitia as well (group II). The burial was situated near a house, but at the outside, in contrast to Khirokitia, were all burials are situated inside the houses. The grave contained four small shells with drilled holes and one dentalium shell.

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dating

The site belongs to the aceramic Neolithic (PPN B) and dates to the 6th Millennium BC. There are three radiocarbon dates from the site (uncalibrated):

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finds

The houses contain quernstones. Further finds include stone-vessels (shallow bowls and pots) and flint tools made from local flint from the Besparnak-mountains.

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economy

The carbonised remains of einkorn, emmer and some barley have been found. The relatively high proportion of rye-grass (Lolium sp.) has led van Zeist to suppose that it might not have been a weed, but grown as a crop. Among the pulses, lentils dominate, but peas, vetch and bitter vetch are represented as well. Pistachio, figs and olives, all of them wild forms, were part of the nutrition too.

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sources





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