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Joan Oró i Florensa (Lleida, Spain, October 26, 1923 - Barcelona, Spain, September 2, 2004) was a Catalan biochemist, whose research has been of importance in understanding the origin of life.
From the 1960s, he worked with the NASA, within the Viking missions that explored the planet Mars. His work was essential in the analysis of samples of Martian soil, and to rule out the possibility of life in Mars.