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IAST, or International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration is the academic standard for writing the Sanskrit language with the Latin alphabet. IAST is mainly used in printed publications, like books and magazines. Only recently through the introduction of Unicode and Sanskrit-enabled fonts it has become available in online resources, such as web-pages.
Examples: Ā ā Ī ī Ū ū Ṃ ṃ, Ṁ ṁ Ṅ ṅ, Ṇ ṇ Ṛ ṛ, Ṙ ṙ, Ṝ ṝ Ḹ ḹ