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Mughal Emperor, taking over in 1530.
Immediately after he ascended to the throne, he was challenged by Sher Shah, an ethnic Afghan from Eastern India. Humayun fled to Iran and reluctantly converted to Shia Islam for the sake of the Shah's protection, but he returned to the throne in 1555 after the death of Sher Shah. He died on 22nd february 1556 after falling down from the stairs while he was getting up as he had knelt down on the stairs to pray when he heard the voice of the Friday prayers from a nearby mosque.
The following list of Indian monarchs is one of several BambooWeb lists of incumbents. It is a list of emperors of the Mughal empire. See also List of Indian Monarchs.
The dynasty called itself the House of Taimur as the founder, Babur, was descended (through his mother) from Taimur. The Timurid Dynasty lasted from 1526 until 1857.
The Great Mughals, the first six emperors, are often referred to just by one name, which was, in each case, a title they took as Emperor. The relevant title is bolded in the list below.