Human serotonin transporter gene
The human serotonin transporter gene (hSERT) is the gene coding for the monoamine transporter protein SERT in humans. It allows neurons, platelets, and other cells to accumulate the chemical neurotransmitter serotonin, which affects emotions and drives. Neurons communicate by using chemical messages like serotonin between cells. The transporter protein, by recycling serotonin, regulates its concentration in a gap, or synapse, and thus its effects on a receiving neuron?s receptor.
Transporters are important sites for agents that treat psychiatric disorders. Drugs that reduce the binding of serotonin to transporters (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or SSRIs) treat mental disorders effectively. About half of patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) are treated with SSRIs.
Researchers have found an uncommon mutation in hSERT, in some unrelated families with OCD, that leads to faulty transporter function and regulation. A second variant in the same gene of some patients with this mutation suggests a genetic "double hit," resulting in greater biochemical effects and more severe symptoms.
References
- Norio Ozaki et. al. . Molecular Psychiatry 2003 Volume 8, number 11, pages 933-936.
This article is adapted from the public domain NIMH press release at http://www.nimh.nih.gov/events/prmutationa.cfm
