Hokan languages

The Hokan languages are a group of languages spoken in North America by Native Americans. Hokan languages were mostly spoken in what is now California, with some Hokan-speaking groups in Arizona and northwestern Mexico.

Hokan languages were spoken by the Pomo, Esselen and other coastal groups. Some linguists include the Chumash languages here; others classify them in a separate family. Hokan-speaking groups were also clustered along the lower Colorado River.

Most Hokan languages are now extinct.

Hokan languages (28)

• Esselen-Yuman languages (10)
  • Esselen language
  • Yuman languages
    • Cochimi language
    • Delta-Californian languages (2)
      • Cocopa language
      • Kumiai language
    • Kiliwa language
    • Paipai language
    • River Yuman languages
      • Mohave language
      • Maricopa language
      • Quechan language
    • Upland Yuman languages
      • Havasupai language 404 speakers (1990 census)
      • Walapai language (Hualapai) 440 speakers (1990 census)
      • Yavapai language 163 speakers (1990 census)
• Northern Hokan languages (13)
  • Chimariko language
  • Karok-Shasta languages (4)
    • Karok language
    • Shasta-Palaihninan languages (3)
      • Palaihninan languages (2)
        • Achumawi language
        • Atsugewi language
      • Shasta language
  • Pomo languages (7)
    • Russian River and Eastern Pomo languages (6)
      • Eastern Pomo language
      • Russian River Pomo languages (5)
        • Northeastern Pomo language
        • Northern Pomo language
        • Kashaya language
        • Southern Pomo language
        • Central Pomo language
    • Southeastern Pomo language
  • Yana language
• Salinan-Seri languages (2)
  • Salinan language
  • Seri language
• Tequistlatecan languages (2)
  • Sierra Chontal de Oaxaca language
  • Costa Chontal de Oaxaca language
• Washo language