Guide dogs
Guide dogs are assistance animals especially trained to lead blind or visually impaired people around obstacles.
These dogs spend their early lives in foster homes where they are socialized through exposure to loving attention, and taught rudimentary skills through obedience training. Once potential guide dogs reach a certain age, they then begin their schooling as assistance animals before being matched with compatible human partners.
These matches are cemented through a 30-day training course, wherein the human half of the team learns to control the dog and interpret its signals. Very few visually impaired people go through this training, and these candidates must already have fully developed orientation and mobility skills before they do.
Guide dogs do not see color, nor are they able to interpret street signs. The human half of the guide dog team does the leading, based upon skills acquired through previous mobility training.
Schooling
The first guide dog training schools were established in Germany during the First World War, to enhance the mobility of returning veterans who were blinded in combat. The United States followed suit in 1929 with the Seeing Eye in Morristown, New Jersey. This school was followed, two years later, by the British Guide Dog Association.
Early on, trainers recognized which breeds produced dogs with the most appropriate temperaments so that, now, German Shepherd Dogs, Labradors, and Golden retrievers are more likely than dogs of other breeds to chosen.
See also
