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The Faroe Islands (Faroese: Føroyar, meaning "Sheep Islands") are a group of islands in the north Atlantic Ocean between Scotland and Iceland. They are an autonomous region of the kingdom of Denmark. Since 1948 they have had self-government in almost all matters except defence and foreign affairs.
The Faeroes gives its name to one of the British Sea Areas.
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Motto: None |
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| Official language | Faroese | ||||
| Capital | Tórshavn | ||||
| Monarch | Margrethe II | ||||
| Prime Minister | Jóannes Eidesgaard | ||||
| Area - Total - % water |
World ranking: 189th 1,399 km² - |
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| Population - Total (2004) - Density |
World ranking: 211th 48,228 33.1/km² |
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| Independence | None (Danish dependency. Self governing since 1948.) | ||||
| Currency | Danish krone | ||||
| Time zone | WET (UTC; UTC+1 in summer) | ||||
| National anthem | Tú alfagra land mítt | ||||
| Internet TLD | .fo | ||||
| Calling Code | 298 | ||||
| Electricity | 230V, 50 Hz | ||||
| Contents |
Main article: History of the Faroe Islands
The early history of the Faroe Islands is not clear. It appears that about the beginning of the 9th century Grímr Kamban, a Norwegian emigrant who had left his country to escape the tyranny of Harald I of Norway, settled in the islands. Early in the 11th century Sigmund or Sigmundr Brestisson, whose family had flourished in the southern islands but had been almost exterminated by invaders from the northern, was sent from Norway, whither he had escaped, to take possession of the islands for Olaf Tryggvason, king of Norway. He introduced Christianity, and, though he was subsequently murdered, Norwegian supremacy was upheld, and continued till 1386, when the islands became part of the Kalmar Union and later the double monarchy Denmark-Norway. Denmark retained possession of the Faroe Islands at the Treaty of Kiel in 1815.
On April 12, 1940, the Faroes were invaded and occupied by British troops. In 1942–43 the British Royal Engineers built the only Airport in the Faroes, the Vagar Airport.
Main article: Politics of the Faroe Islands
A high degree of self-government was attained in 1948 and the Faroese are supported by a substantial annual subsidy from Denmark. The islanders are about evenly split between those favoring complete independence and those who prefer continued presence in the Danish state. Within both camps there is, however, a wide range of opinion. Of those who favor independence some are in favor of an immediate unilateral declaration. Others see it as something to be attained gradually and in full consent with the Danish government and the Danish nation. In the unionist camp there are also many who foresee and welcome a gradual increase in autonomy even as strong ties to Denmark are maintained.
The islands are administratively parted in seven counties, which in turn are divided into 120 communities.
Main article: Geography of the Faroe Islands
The Faroe Islands are an island group consisting of 18 islands, off the coast of Northern Europe, between the Norwegian Sea and the north Atlantic Ocean, about one-half of the way from Iceland to Norway. Its coordinates are 62 00 N, 7 00 W. It is 1,399 square kilometers in area, and includes no major lakes or rivers. There are 1,117 kilometers of coastline, and no land boundaries with any other country. The only island that is uninhabited is Lítla Dímun.
The Faroe Islands generally have cool summers and mild winters, with a usually overcast sky and frequent fog and heavy winds. The fog often causes delays of airplanes. The islands are rugged and rocky with some low peaks; the coasts are mostly bordered by cliffs. The highest point is Slættaratindur, 882 meters above sea level.
See also:
Main article: Economy of the Faroe Islands
After the severe economic troubles of the early 1990s, brought on by a drop in the vital fish catch, the Faroe Islands have come back in the last few years, with unemployment down to 5% in mid-1998. Nevertheless, the almost total dependence on fishing means the economy remains extremely vulnerable. The Faroese hope to broaden their economic base by building new fish-processing plants. Oil finds close to the Faroese area give hope for deposits in the immediate area, which may lay the basis to sustained economic prosperity.
Main article: Demographics of the Faroe Islands
Main article: Culture of the Faroe Islands
The phrase "Faroe Islands" is tautological, since øerne or oyar means islands in Danish and Faroese respectively. The Faroes have a culture very much their own but the closest cultural relatives are Norway, Iceland and Denmark.
See also:
Railways: 0 km
Highways:
total: 458 km
paved: 450 km
unpaved: 8 km (1995 est.)
Ports and harbors: Torshavn, Klaksvik, Tvøroyri, Runavik, Fuglafjørður
Merchant marine:
total: 6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 22,853 GRT/13,481 DWT
ships by type: cargo 2, petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off 1, short-sea passenger 1 (1999
est.)
Airports: 1 (1999 est.)
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 1 (1999 est.)
| Nordic Council | |
|---|---|
| Denmark | Finland | Iceland | Norway | Sweden | |
| Associate members | |
| Åland | Faroe Islands | Greenland | |
| Countries in Europe |
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| Albania | Andorra | Austria | Azerbaijan | Belarus | Belgium | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Bulgaria | Croatia | Cyprus | Czech Republic | Denmark | Estonia | Finland | France | Germany | Greece | Hungary | Iceland | Ireland | Italy | Latvia | Liechtenstein | Lithuania | Luxembourg | Republic of Macedonia | Malta | Moldova | Monaco | Netherlands | Norway | Poland | Portugal | Romania | Russia | San Marino | Serbia and Montenegro | Slovakia | Slovenia | Spain | Sweden | Switzerland | Turkey | Ukraine | United Kingdom | Vatican City (Holy See) |
| Dependencies: Faroe Islands | Gibraltar | Guernsey | Jan Mayen | Jersey | Isle of Man | Svalbard |
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| View Live Article | This article is from Wikipedia. All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License | |
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