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Most of the many indigenous languages of Europe belong to the Indo-European language family. The scope of this article also includes languages spoken outside of continental Europe that linguistically belong to European language families (such as Afrikaans, Pennsylvania German and Persian).
The Basque language of the northern Iberian Peninsula is a language isolate, and as such is not closely related to any other language.
These languages were artificially created ("planned").
Spoken in Northern Italy before the Roman rule, now extinct.
The Finno-Ugric languages are a subfamily of the Uralic language family.
Most European languages are Indo-European languages. This large language-family is descended from a common language that was spoken thousands of years ago, which is referred to as Proto-Indo-European.
[Top]Albanian
[Top]Armenian
[Top]Baltic languages
- Curonian
- Latvian
- Lithuanian
- Old Prussian - extinct
- Selonian - extinct
- Semigallian - extinct
- Sudovian (Yotvingian) - extinct
[Top]Celtic languages
[Top]Brythonic
[Top]Goidelic (Gaelic)
[Top]Germanic languages
[Top]North Germanic
(descending from Old Norse)
- West (Insular) Scandinavian
- Icelandic
- Faroese
- Norn (extinct)
- Norwegian Nynorsk
- East (Continental) Scandinavian
[Top]West Germanic
- High German
- German
- Middle German
- East Middle German
- Luxembourgeois
- West Middle German
- Pennsylvania German (spoken by the Amish and other groups in southeastern Pennsylvania)
- Upper German
- Swiss German, Austrian, etc
- Lombardic (extinct)
- Alsatian
- Alemán Coloneiro (spoken in Venezuela)
- Hutterite German (aka "Tirolean")
- Yiddish
- Wymysojer
- Low German
- Frisian
- Anglic (descending from Anglo-Saxon)
- Modern English
- Modern Scots
- Cayman Islands English
- Angloromany
[Top]East Germanic
(descending from Gothic)
- Burgundian (extinct)
- Crimean Gothic (extinct in the 1800s)
- Vandalic (extinct)
[Top]Greek
[Top]Italic languages
[Top]Romance languages
The Romance languages decended from the Vulgar Latin spoken across most of the lands of the Roman Empire.
[Top]Ibero-Romance languages
- Aragonese
- Asturian
- Leonese
- Mirandes
- Catalan
- Mozarabic
- Portuguese
- Galician
- Eonaviegan
- Portuguese Creole
- Spanish
[Top]Gallo-Romance languages
- Franco-Provençal
- Langues d'oïl
- Bourguignon-Morvandiau
- Champenois
- Franc-Comtois
- French
- Belgian French
- Cajun French
- Quebec French
- Swiss French
- Zarphatic (Judeo-French)
- Gallo language
- Lorrain
- Norman
- Picard
- Poitevin-Saintongeais
- Walloon
- Occitan
[Top]Italo-Romance languages
- Corsican
- Dalmatian
- Italian
- Emilio-Romagnolo
- Judeo-Italian
- Ligurian
- Lombard
- Napoletana-Calabrese
- Piemontese
- Sardinian
- Sicilian
- Venetian
[Top]Rhaeto-Romance languages
[Top]Daco-Romance languages
[Top]Indo-Iranian languages
[Top]Indo-Aryan languages
[Top]Iranian languages
[Top]Phrygo-Armenian languages
[Top]Slavic languages
[Top]West Slavic languages
- Czech
- Polish
- Kashub
- Slovincian - extinct
- Polabian - extinct
- Slovak
- Knaanic or Judeo Slavic - extinct
- Sorbian
[Top]East Slavic languages
- Belarusian
- Russian
- Rusyn - extinct
- Ukrainian
[Top]South Slavic languages
- Bulgarian
- Old Church Slavonic
- Macedonian
- Romano-Serbian
- Serbo-Croatian (sociolinguistically, 3 different languages):
[Top]Thracian languages
- Dacian language - extinct
- Thracian language - extinct
These are languages of non-European origins which are spoken in parts of Europe.
See also:
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