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An earplug is a piece of protective clothing that meant to be inserted in the ear canal to protect the wearer's hearing from loud noises.
The typical earplug is made up of maleable material that is typically compressed by the wearer's fingers and then inserted in the ear. Once released, the earplug expands until it completely blocks the canal, deading the sound vibrations that reach the eardrum, hopefully preventing it being damaged by excessive sound.
This kind of protection is often worn by industrial workers who work within hearing distance of loud machinery for long periods of time. In addition, musicians who perform music styles noted for their loud nature like rock music, often wear earplugs to prevent their own performances from deafening them.