with two-winged fruits. Many are large
emergent species, typically reaching heights of 40-70 m tall; they are of major importance in the
trade. Their distribution is pantropical, but they are chiefly found in
in Guayana. Some species are now
. They provide valuable woods, aromatic wood oils,
The following table associates tree species, wood name and wood color. The term Philippine red mahogany refers to the wood of trees belonging to the three genera Shorea, Parashorea, and Pentacme.
| Genus & section
| Species
| Wood name
| Wood colour
| Wood type
|
| Anisoptera
| A. cochinchinensis, A. marginata, A. scaphula, A. thurifera and about ten other species
| Mersawa
|
| light hardwood
|
| Cotylelobium
| C. burckii, C. lanceolatum, C. melanoxylon
| Resak
|
| heavy hardwood
|
| Dipterocarpus
| D. alatus, D. baudii, D. basilanicus, D. borneensis, D. caudiferus, D. costulatus, D. grandiflorus, D. kerrii, D. tonkinensis, D. verrucosus, D. warburgii, and about 60 other species
| Keruing
|
| medium hardwood
|
| Dryobalanops
| D. aromatica, D. camphora, D. junghunii, D. kayanensis, D. lanceolata, D. oblongifolia, D. sumatrensis
| Kapur, Kapor
|
| medium hardwood
|
| Hopea
| H. acuminata, H. beccariana, H. dryobalanoides, H. mengarawan, H. nervosa, H. odorata, H. sangal and other species
| Merawan
|
| medium hardwood
|
| Hopea
| H. ferrea, H. forbesii, H. helferi, H. nutans, H. semicuneata and other species
| Giam
|
| heavy hardwood
|
| Neobalanocarpus
| N. heimii
| Chengal
|
| heavy hardwood
|
| Parashorea
| P. aptera, P. buchananii, P. chinensis, P. densiflora, P. globosa, P. lucida, P. macrophylla, P. malaanonan, P. parvifolia, P. smythiesii, P. stellata, P. tomentella
| Gerutu
|
| light hardwood
|
| Parashorea
| Parashorea plicata
| Bagtikan
| grey-brown
|
|
| Pentacme
| P. contorta, P. minandensis
| White Lauan
| grey to very light red
|
|
| Shorea sect. Shorea
| S. atrinervosa, S. brunnescens, S. crassa, S. exelliptica, S. foxworthyi, S. glauca, S. havilandii, S. laevis, S. leptoderma, S. materialis, S. maxwelliana, S. seminis, S. submontana, S. sumatrana, S. superba
| Balau
|
| heavy hardwood
|
| Shorea sect. Almon
| S. almon, S. contorta, S. leprosula, S. leptoclados, S. smithiana
| Almon
| light red to pink
|
|
| Shorea sect. Anthoshorea
| S. assamica, S. assamica, S. bracteolata, S. dealbata, S. hypochra, S. javanica, S. lamellata, S. maranti
| White Meranti
|
| light hardwood
|
| Shorea sect. Richetia
| S. acuminatissima, S. faguetiana, S. gibbosa, S. hopeifolia, S. multiflora
| Yellow Meranti
|
| light hardwood
|
| Shorea sect. Rubroshorea
| S. curtisii, S. hemsleyana, S. macrantha, S. pauciflora, S. platyclados, S. rugosa, S. singkawang, 4 other spp.
| Dark red Meranti (Meranti bukit)
|
| light hardwood
|
| S. acuminata, S. dasyphylla, S. johorensis, S. lepidota, S. parvifolia
| Light red Meranti
|
| light hardwood
|
| S. balangeran, S. collina, S. guiso, S. kunstleri, S. ochrophloia, S. plagata
| Red Balau
|
| heavy hardwood
|
| Shorea
| S. macroptera
| Melantai
|
| light hardwood
|
| Shorea
| S. negrosensis
| Red Lauan
| dark red-brown to brick red
|
|
| Shorea
| S. ovata
| Tianong
| light red to light red-brown
|
|
| Shorea
| S. platyclados
| Meranti Bukit
|
| light hardwood
|
| Shorea
| S. polysperma
| Tanguile
| red to red-brown
|
|
| Shorea
| S. robusta
| Sal
|
|
|
| Shorea
| S. squamata
| Mayapis
| light red to red-brown
|
|
| Shorea
| S. uliginosa
| Meranti Bakau
|
| light hardwood
|
