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Copyright Act (DMCA) is a controversial United States copyright law which criminalizes production and dissemination of technology that can circumvent measures taken to protect copyright, not merely infringement of copyright itself, and heightens the penalties for copyright infringement on the Internet. Passed on May 14, 1998 by an unanimous vote in the United States Senate and signed into law by President Bill Clinton on October 28, 1998, the DMCA amended title 17 of the US Code to extend the reach of copyright protection, while limiting the liability of Online Service Providers from copyright infringement by their users.
On March 10, 2004 the European Union passed a "DMCA on steroids" which is very similar to the US Digital Millennium Copyright Act.
Main article: WIPO Copyright and Performances and Phonograms Treaties Implementation Act
DMCA Title I has two major portions, one of which includes works covered by several treaties in US copy protection laws and gave the title its name and the other which is often known as the DMCA anti-circumvention provisions. The latter implemented a broad ban on the circumvention of copy protection systems and required that all analogue video recorders have copy protection built in.
Main article: Online Copyright Infringement Liability Limitation Act (OCILLA)
DMCA Title II creates a safe harbor for online service providers (OSPs, including ISPs) against copyright liability if they promptly block access if they receive a notification from a copyright holder or their agent. It also includes a counter-notification which requires restoration of the material and a provision for subpoenas to identify alleged infringers.
DMCA Title III modified of copyright law so that those repairing computers could make certain temporary, limited copies while working on a computer.
DMCA Title IV contains an assortment of provisions:
DMCA Title V added sections through to add protection for boat hull designs.
There are efforts in Congress to modify the Act. Richard Boucher, a Democratic congressman from Virginia, is leading one of these efforts by introducing the Digital Media Consumers’ Rights Act (DMCRA).
A prominent bill related to the DMCA is the Consumer Broadband and Digital Television Promotion Act (CBDTPA), known in early drafts as the Security Systems and Standards Certification Act (SSSCA). This bill, if passed, would deal with the devices used to access digital content and would be even more restrictive than the DMCA.
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