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A cul-de-sac (originally in anatomy: French, literally "bottom of a sack") or dead-end is a street or road with only one entrance and exit. While some are true cul-de-sacs, with no passage possible, others allow cyclists, pedestrians etc. to pass.
In modern urban planning cul-de-sacs are deliberately created as they are streets with very little traffic, and hence often desirable as residential areas.
Both cul-de-sac and dead end are used metaphorically to mean a line of thought or action which leads nowhere.