Congress of Berlin

Prompted in 1878 by Otto von Bismarck to revise the Treaty of San Stefano, the Congress of Berlin led to the Treaty of Berlin.

The Russians had manipulated the original treaty after their victory over the Ottoman Empire to create a very large Bulgarian autonomous principality under Turkey's nominal rule, but obviously subject to their influence. This state had access to the Aegean Sea and comprised a very large portion of Macedonia. The other Great Powers, the United Kingdom in particular, could not accept this. The Congress was attended by the United Kingdom, Austria-Hungary, France, Germany, Italy, Russia and Turkey.