This article does not offer any opinion about what the "original", "official", "real", or "correct" name of any city is or
was. Cities are listed alphabetically by their current best-known name in English. The English version is followed by
variants in other languages, in alphabetical order by name, and then by any historical variants and former names.
Foreign names that are the same as their English equivalents may be listed, to provide an answer to the question "What is that
name in..."?.
| English Name |
Other name(s) or older name(s) |
| Aabenraa |
Åbenrå (Danish), Apenrade (German) |
| Aachen |
Aix-la-Chapelle (French), Aken (Dutch), Akwizgran (Polish), Aquae Grani or Aquisgranum
(Latin), Aquisgrà (Catalan), Aquisgrán (Spanish), Aquisgrana (Italian, Portuguese), Cáchy (Czech),
Åxhe (Walloon) |
| Aalst |
Aalst (Dutch), Alost (French) |
| Aarhus |
Århus (Danish) |
| Abbeville |
Abbatis Villa (Latin), Abbeville (French) |
| Adrianople |
Adhrianúpolis - Αδριανούπολις (Greek),
Adrianopel (German), Adrianopla (Portuguese), Adrianopol (Polish, Romanian, Slovak), Adrianopole
(Romanian), Adrianopoli (Italian), Adrianopolis (Czech, Dutch), Adrianópolis (Spanish), Drinápoly
(Hungarian), Drinopol (variant in Czech and Slovak), Edirne (Czech, Dutch, Serbian, Slovak, Turkish),
Hadrianople (variant in English), Odrin (Bulgarian) |
| Aiud |
Aiud (Romanian), Nagyenyed (Hungarian), Strassburg (German) |
| Aix-en-Provence |
Aix-en-Provence (French), Aquae Sextiae (Latin) |
| Aix-les-Bains |
Aix-les-Bains (French), Aquae Gratianae (Latin) |
| Albacete |
Albacete (Spanish), al-Basīt (Arabic) |
| Alba Iulia |
Alba Iulia (Romanian), Apulum (Latin), Gyulafehérvár (Hungarian), Karlsburg (German),
Weißenburg (old German name) |
| Alexandroupolis |
Alexandhrúpolis - Αλεξανδρούπολις
(Greek), Alexandropolis (Dutch), Dedeağaç (Turkish) |
| Algeciras |
Algeciras (Spanish), al-Jazīra (Arabic) |
| Algiers |
Algeri (Italian), Alger (French, Romanian), Algier (German, Polish), Algiers (Dutch),
al-Jazā'ir (Arabic), Alžir (Serbian), Alžyras (Lithuanian), Argel (Portuguese,
Spanish), Cezayir (Turkish), Icosium (Latin) |
| Alicante |
Akra Leuke (Ancient Greek), Alacant (Catalan), Alicante (Spanish), Alikantė (Lithuanian),
al-Laqant (Arabic), Lucentum (Latin) |
| Almaty |
Alma-Ata (Dutch, Portuguese, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Turkish), Ałma Ata (Polish), Almata
(Lithuanian), Almaty (Kazakh) |
| Amsterdam |
Amstardam (Irish), Amstardām (Arabic), Amsterdam (Dutch, French, Italian, Polish, Swedish),
Amsterdamas (Lithuanian), Amsterdão (Portuguese), Amsterodam (Czech), Amszterdam (Hungarian),
Aemstelredamme / Amstelredam (old Dutch names) |
| Ankara |
Ancara (Portuguese), Ancyra (Latin), Angora (former English name, Italian [obs.]), Ankara
(Polish, Turkish), Ánkira - Άγκυρα (Greek), Anqara (Arabic) |
| Anklam |
Anklam (German), Nakło nad Pianą (Polish) |
| Antioch |
Antakya (Turkish), Antioche (French), Antiochia (Italian, German, Polish, Slovak), Antiochie
(Czech), Antiohia (Romanian), Antiokia (Finnish, Swedish), Antioquía (Portuguese, Spanish) |
| Antwerp |
Amberes (Spanish), Amvérsa - Αμβέρσα (Greek), Antuérpia
(Portuguese), Antverpen (Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian), Antverpenas (Lithuanian), Antverpene (Latvian),
Antverpy (Czech, Slovak), Antwīrb (Arabic), Antwerpen (Dutch, Finnish, German, Swedish),
Antwerpia (Polish), Anvers (French), Anversa (Italian), Anviesse (Walloon) |
| Aquileia |
Akwileja (Polish), Aquileia (Italian), Aquileja (German), Oglej (Slovene) |
| Archangel |
Arcángel (Spanish), Archangelsk (German), Archangelskas (Lithuanian), Archangielsk (Polish),
Arhanđel (Serbian), Arhanghelsk (Romanian), Arkangeli (Finnish), Arkhangel'sk (Russian) |
| Arlon |
Arlon (French), Aarlen (Dutch), Arel (German) |
| Arnhem |
Arnheim (German), Arnhem (Dutch, Polish), Arnhim (Frisian) |
| Arras |
Arasu - アラス (Japanese), Arazzo (medieval Italian), Arras (French, German, Italian,
Swedish), Atrecht (Dutch) |
| Aschaffenburg |
Aschaffenburg (German), Aschaffenburgo (Spanish) |
| Ashkhabad |
Ašchabád (Czech, Slovak), Aschchabad / Aschgabad / Aschgabat (German), Ašgabat
(Finnish), Aşgabat / Aşkabat (Turkish), Aşhabad (Romanian), Ašhabad (Serbian),
Ashgabat (Turkmen), Ashkhabad (Russian), Ashxobod (Uzbek), Asjchabad (Dutch), Aszchabad
(Polish), Išq Ābād (Arabic) |
| Assisi |
Ascesi (medieval Italian), Asís (Spanish), Assis (Portuguese), Assise (French), Assisi
(Dutch, German, Italian), Asyż (Polish) |
| Astana |
Akmolinsk (Russian), Akmola (Finnish), Akmola (variant in Russian), Akmoła (former Polish),
Aqmola (former Kazakh), Astana (Kazakh, Polish), Tselinograd (former Russian) |
| Athens |
Afiny (Russian, Ukrainian), An Aithin (Irish), Ateena (Finnish), Aten (Norwegian, Swedish)
Aten - אַטען (Yiddish), Atena (Croatian, Romanian), Atėnai (Lithuanian),
Atenas (Portuguese, Spanish), Atēnas (Latvian), Atene (Italian), Atenes (Catalan), Atény
(Czech, Slovak), Ateny (Polish), Athen (Danish, German, Norwegian, Swedish), Athén (Hungarian), Aþena
(Icelandic), Athenae (Latin), Athene (Dutch), Athènes (French), Athény (alternative Czech name),
Athína - Αθήνα (Greek), Atīnā (Arabic), Atina (Bulgarian, Serbian,
Turkish) |
| Augsburg |
Augsbourg (French), Augsburg (German, Polish), Augsburgo (Spanish), Augšpurk /
Aušpurk (Czech), Augusta (Italian), Oogsborg (Low Saxon) |
| Avignon |
Avenio (Latin), Avignon (French), Avignone (Italian), Avinhão (Portuguese), Aviñón
(Spanish), Awinion (Polish) |
| English Name |
Other name(s) or older name(s) |
| Baia Mare |
Baia Mare (Romanian), Gross-Schlatten (German), Nagybanya (Hungarian) |
| Baku |
Bakoe (Dutch), Bakou (French), Bākū (Arabic), Bakü (Turkish) |
| Bar (Montenegro) |
Antivari (Italian), Bar (Croatian, Serbian); Dioclea or Doclea (Latin; ancient city nearby),
Duklja (Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian; same ancient city and medieval
state) |
| Barcelona |
Barcellona (Italian), Barcelona (Portuguese, Spanish, Polish), Barcelone (French), Barcino
(Latin), Barna (Spanish abbreviation), Baršalūna (Arabic), Barselona (Lithuanian, Russian,
Serbian, Turkish, Ukrainian), Varkelóni - Βαρκελόνη (Greek),
Bårçulone (Walloon) |
| Basel |
Bâle (French), Basilea (Italian, Romansh, Spanish), Basileia (Portuguese), Basilej (Czech),
Basle (variant in English), Bazel (Dutch), Bázel (Hungarian), Bazel' (Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian),
Bazelis (Lithuanian), Bāzil (Arabic), Bazilej (Slovak), Bazylea (Polish), Vasilía -
Βασιλεία (Greek) |
| Bastogne |
Bostogne (English, French), Bastenaken (German) |
| Bath |
Aquae Sulis (Latin), Baðum / Baðan / Baðon (Anglo-Saxon), Caerfaddon (Welsh) |
| Bautzen |
Budyšin (Upper Sorbian), Budyšín (Czech, Slovak), Budyšyn (Lower Sorbian),
Budziszyn (Polish) |
| Będzin |
Będzin (Polish), Bendin (Russian, Yiddish), Bendzin (German) |
| Bela Crkva |
Bela Crkva (Serbian), Biała Cerkiew (Polish), Bílá Cerevek (Czech) |
| Belfast |
Béal Feirste (Irish), Belfastas (Lithuanian) |
| Belfort |
Beffert (German), Befert (old German) |
| Belgrade |
Béalgrád (Irish), Bělehrad (Czech), Belehrad (Slovak), Belgrad (Bulgarian, Finnish, German,
Macedonian, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Turkish), Belgrád (Hungarian), Belgrada (Latvian), Belgradas
(Lithuanian), Belgrado (Dutch, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Beograd (Croatian, Danish), Beograd -
Београд (Serbian), Bilġrād (Arabic), Bjelhrad
(Ukrainian), Nándorfehérvár (former Hungarian), Singidunum (Latin), Velighrádhi (Greek), Belgrade
(French), Belgråde (Walloon) |
| Berat |
Berat / Berati (Albanian), Albánský Bělehrad (Czech) |
| Berdychiv |
Berdychiv (Ukrainian), Berdichev (Russian), Barditshev (Yiddish), Berdyczów (Polish),
Berdicev (Romanian), |
| Bergen (Norway) |
Bergen (Norwegian), Bergenas (Lithuanian), Björgvin (Icelandic) |
| Berlin |
Barlīn (Arabic), Barliń (Lower Sorbian), Beirlín (Irish), Berliin (Estonian),
Berliini (Finnish), Berlijn (Dutch), Berlim (Portuguese), Berlín (Czech, Icelandic, Slovak, Spanish),
Berlin (Croatian, Danish, German, Hungarian, Norwegian, Romanian, Swedish, Yiddish, French, Walloon), Berlīne
(Latvian), Berlino (Italian, Esperanto), Berlyn (Afrikaans, Frisian), Berlynas (Lithuanian), Verolíno
(Greek) |
| Berne |
Bern (Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, German, Russian, Slovak, Turkish, Ukrainian), Berna (Italian, Portuguese,
Romanian, Romansh, Spanish), Bernas (Lithuanian), Berno (Polish), Vérni -
Βέρνη (Greek) |
| Białowieża |
Bělověž (Czech), Białowieża (Polish) |
| Białystok |
Białystok (Polish), Belostok (Russian), Byalistok (Yiddish) |
| Biel/Bienne |
Belenus (Latin), Biel (German), Bienne (French) |
| Biella |
Biella (Italian), Bugella (Latin) |
| Bilbao |
Bilbao (Spanish), Bilbau (Portuguese), Bilbo (Basque), |
| Bil'shivtsi |
Bil'shivtsi (Ukrainian), Bol'shovtsy (Russian), Bolszowce (Polish), Bolshvets (Yiddish) |
| Bishkek |
Bichkek (French), Bischkek (German), Biškek (Finnish, Serbian), Bişkek (Romanian,
Turkish), Biškekas (Lithuanian), Biszkek (Polish); Frunze (former name) |
| Bischofswerda |
Bischofswerda (German), Biskupice (Polish) |
| Bistriţa |
Beszterce (Hungarian), Bistriţa (Romanian), Bistritz (German) |
| Bologna |
Bologna (Italian, Romanian), Bologne (French), Boloňa (Czech), Bolonha (Portuguese),
Bolonia (Polish, Spanish), Bolonija (Lithuanian), Bolonja (Serbian), Bolonya (Turkish) |
| Bouillon |
Bouillon (French), Bouyon (Walloon) |
| Bolzano |
Bolzano (Italian), Bozen (German) |
| Bordeaux |
Bordeaux (French), Bordèu (Gascon), Bordéus (Portuguese), Bordo (Lithuanian), Bordozo
(Esperanto), Burdeos (Spanish), Burdigala (Latin) |
| Bonn |
Bona (Lithuanian, Portuguese), Bonna or Castrum Bonnense (Latin), Vóni -
Βόννη (Greek) |
| Braniewo |
Braniewo (Polish), Braunsberg (German), Brus (Old Prussian) |
| Braşov |
Braşov (Romanian), Brassó (Hungarian), Braszów (Polish), Corona (Latin), Kronstadt
(German), Stephanópolis (Greek) |
| Bratislava |
Bratislava - Братислава (Bulgarian),
Bratislava (Czech, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Lithuanian, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Swedish),
Bratyslava (Ukrainian), Bratysława (Polish), Pozsony (Hungarian), Presbourg (French till 1919),
Pressburg (variant in German), Prešporok (Slovak till 1919)
[Note: The name was officially changed from Pressburg/Prešporok/Pozsony to Bratislava in 1919;
for a list of older names see Bratislava] |
| Břeclav |
Břeclav (Czech), Lundenburg (German) |
| Bremen |
Bréma (Hungarian), Brema (Italian, Polish, Spanish), Brême (French), Bremen (Afrikaans, Croatian,
Danish, Estonian, Frisian, German, Portuguese, Norwegian, Romanian, Swedish), Brėmenas (Lithuanian), Brémy
(Czech, Slovak), Brimarborg (Icelandic), Vrémi (Greek) |
| Bremerhaven |
Bremerhaven (German), Brémský Přístav (Czech) |
| Brest (Belarus) |
Brasta (Lithuanian), Brest-Litovsk (former English and Russian name), Brześć Litewski
(Polish), Brześć nad Bugiem (Polish 1918-1939); Lietuvos Brasta (former Lithuanian name); Brisk
(Yiddish) |
| Bristol |
Briostó (Irish), Caerodor (Welsh) |
| Brno |
Brno (Czech), Brünn (German, Hungarian) |
| Brody |
Brody (Polish, Russian, Ukrainian), Brod (Yiddish) |
| Bruges |
Briž (Macedonian, Serbian), Bruges (French, Portuguese), Brugge (Dutch), Brügge (German),
Bruggia (old Italian), Bruggy (Slovak), Brugia (Polish), Brugy (Czech), Brujas (Spanish),
Brygge (Finnish) |
| Bruntál |
Bruntal (Polish), Bruntál (Czech), Freudenthal (German) |
| Brunswick |
Braunschweig (German, Slovene, variant in English), Braunšvajg (Serbian), Brunšvik (Czech),
Brunsvique (Portuguese), Brunswick (French, Italian, Spanish), Brunswijk (Dutch), Brunszwik
(Polish) |
| Brussels |
An Bhruiséil (Irish), Bréissel (Luxembourgish), Brisel (Macedonian, Serbian), Brisele (Latvian),
Brisl (Yiddish), Briuselis (Lithuanian), Brüksel (Turkish), Bruksela (Polish), Brūksil
(Arabic), Brusel (Czech, Slovak), Brusela (Basque), Bruselas (Spanish), Bruselles (Catalan),
Brussel (Dutch, Norwegian), Brüssel (German), Brusselle (Italian [obs.]), Brüsszel (Hungarian),
Bruxelas (Portuguese), Bruxelles (Danish, French, Italian, Romanian), Bryssel (Danish, Finnish, Swedish),
Bryuksel (Bulgarian), Bryussel (Russian, Ukrainian), Vrixéles -
Βρυξέλλες (Greek), Brussele (Walloon) |
| Brzesko |
Brzesko (Polish), Brigl (Yiddish) |
| Buchach |
Buchach (Ukrainian), Buczacz (Polish), Betshotsh (Yiddish) |
| Bucharest |
Boekarest (Dutch), Búcairist (Irish), Bucarest (French, Italian, Spanish), Bucareste
(Portuguese), Bucureşti (Romanian), Bukarest (Danish, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Swedish),
Bukareštas (Lithuanian), Bukareste (Latvian), Bukareszt (Polish), Bukharest (Russian,
Ukrainian), Bükreş (Turkish), Bukurešt (Bulgarian, Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian),
Bukurešť (Czech, Slovak), Būqārist (Arabic), Voukourésti (Greek) |
| Buda (now part of Budapest) |
Buda (Italian, Hungarian, Portuguese), Budín (Czech), Budin (Turkish), Ofen (German) |
| Budapest |
Boedapest (Dutch), Būdābist (Arabic), Búdaipeist (Irish), Budapest (Italian, German,
Hungarian), Budapešt (Russian, Ukrainian), Budapešť (Czech, Slovak), Budapešta
(Bulgarian), Budapesta (Romanian), Budapeštas (Lithuanian), Budapeste (Portuguese),
Budapeşte (Turkish), Budapeszt (Polish), Budimpešta (Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian),
Voudhapésti (Greek) |
| Budweis |
Budweis (German), Budziejowice (Polish), České Budějovice (Czech, Slovak) |
| Buje |
Buie d'Istria (Italian), Buje (Croatian) |
| Butrint |
Butrint / Butrinti (Albanian), Butrinto (Italian) |
| Buzet |
Buzet (Croatian), Pinguente (Italian) |
| Bydgoszcz |
Bromberg (German), Bydgostia (Latin), Bydgoszcz (Polish) |
| Bytom |
Beuthen (German), Bytom (Polish) |
| Bytow |
Betowo (Kashubian/Pomeranian), Bütow (German), Bytów (Polish) |
| English Name |
Other name(s) or older name(s) |
| Cádiz |
Cadice (Italian), Cádis (Portuguese), Cadix (French), Cádiz (Spanish), Gades (Ancient
Greek), Gadir (Phoenician), Kadyks (Polish), Kadiz (Serbian), al-Qādis (Arabic) |
| Cagliari |
Cagliari (Italian), Càller (Catalan), Casteddu (Sardinian), Kaljari (Serbian) |
| Cairo |
Le Caire (French), Caireo (Irish), Caïro (Dutch), Cairo (Portuguese), El Cairo (Spanish),
Il Cairo (Italian), Káhira (Czech), Kair (Polish), Kairas (Lithuanian), Kairo (Bulgarian,
Croatian, Finnish, German, Norwegian, Slovene, Swedish), Kairó (Hungarian), Qahir - קהיר
(Hebrew), al-Qāhirah (Arabic), Maşr (local dialect name) |
| Cambridge (England) |
Caergrawnt (Welsh), Cantabrigia (Latin), Cantabrígia (Portuguese), Kembridžas (Lithuanian),
Kembriĝp (Esperanto) |
| Canterbury |
Caergaint (Welsh), Cantorbéry (French), Kantaraborg (Icelandic), Kantelberg (Dutch) |
| Carcassonne |
Carcassona (Italian), Carcassonne (French) |
| Cardiff |
Caerdydd (Welsh), Kārdifa (Latvian) |
| Carlsbad |
Karlovi Vari (Bulgarian, Croatian), Karlovy Vary (Czech), Karlsbad (German, Swedish) |
| Cartagena |
Cartagena (Spanish), Cartagina (Romanian), Carthagène (French), Carthago Nova (Latin),
al-Qartājanna (Arabic) |
| Celje |
Celeia (Latin), Celje (Slovene), Celle (German), Cille (Hungarian), Cilli (older English
(1911 EB), older German), Kelea
(Celtic) |
| Cetinje |
Cettigne (Italian), Cetinje (Serbian) |
| Charleroi |
Charleroi (French, Dutch), Châlerwè / Tchålerwè (Walloon) |
| Cheb |
Cheb (Czech), Eger (German) |
| Chełmno |
Chełmno (Polish), Culm (variant in German), Kulm (German) |
| Chemnitz |
Chemnitz (German), Kamienica Saska (Polish), Saská Kamenice (Czech); Karl-Marx-Stadt (German
1953-1990) |
| Chernyakhovsk |
Chernyakhovsk (Russian), Insterburg (German), Įsrutis (Lithuanian), Wystruc (Polish) |
| Chester |
Caer (Welsh) |
| Chişinău |
Chişinău (Moldovan/Romanian), Chisinau (Portuguese), Keshenev (Yiddish), Kischinew
(German), Kishinjov - Кишинёв (Russian),
Kīšīnāw (Arabic), Kišineu (Bulgarian), Kišiněv (Czech),
Kišiniovas (Lithuanian), Kišinjev (Serbian), Kišiňov (Slovak), Kisinyov
(Hungarian), Kiszyniów (Polish), Kyšyniv (Ukrainian) |
| Chorzów |
Chorzów (Polish), Králova Huť (Czech) |
| Cieszyn |
Cieszyn (Polish), Teschen (German), Těšín (Czech), Tešín (Slovak) |
| Cleves |
Cléveris (Spanish), Clèves (French), Kleef (Dutch), Kleve (German) |
| Cluj |
Claudiopolis (Latin), Cluj-Napoca (Romanian), Klausenburg (German), Kluž (Czech, Slovak),
Kluż (Polish), Kolozsvár (Hungarian) |
| Coblenz |
Coblença (Portuguese), Coblence (French), Coblenza (Italian, Spanish), Koblencja (Polish),
Koblenz (German, Slovene) |
| Coburg |
Cobourg (French), Coburg (German), Coburgo (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish) |
| Coimbra |
Coimbra (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Coimbre (French), Conimbriga (Latin), Qulumriya
(Arabic) |
| Cologne |
Cologne (French), Colonia (Italian, Spanish), Colónia (Portuguese), Keln (Serbian, Yiddish),
Kelnas (Lithianian), Keulen (Dutch), Kjol'n (Russian, Ukrainian), Kolín nad Rýnem (Czech), Kolín
nad Rýnom (Slovak), Kölle (Kölsch [local dialect]), Köln (Finnish, German, Hungarian, Icelandic, Romanian,
Swedish, Turkish), Kolonía (Greek), Kolonia (Polish) |
| Constanţa |
Constanţa (Romanian), Küstendji (old Turkish name) |
| Copenhagen |
Cóbanhávan (Irish), Copenaghen (Italian), Copenhaga (Portuguese, Romanian), Copenhague (French,
Spanish), Hafnia (Latin), Kaupmannahöfn (Icelandic), Kobenhaven (Slovene), København (Danish,
Norwegian), Kūbinhāġin (Arabic), Kodaň (Czech, Slovak), Kööpenhamina (Finnish),
Kopengagen (Bulgarian, Russian), Kopenhaagen (Estonian), Kopenhag (Turkish), Kopenhaga (Lithuanian,
Polish), Kopenhagen (Croatian, Dutch, German), Kopenhāgena (Latvian), Köpenhamn (Swedish),
Kopenkhági (Greek), Koppenhága (Hungarian) |
| Córdoba |
Córdoba (Spanish), Cordoue (French), Còrdova (Catalan), Cordova (Italian), Córdova
(Portuguese), Kordoba (Slovene), Qurtubah (Arabic) |
| Corfu |
Corcyra (Latin), Corfou (French), Corfù (Italian), Corfú (Spanish), Kérkira -
Κέρκυρα (Greek), Korfu (Finnish, German, Hungarian, Polish, Slovak), Krf
(Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian, Slovene) |
| Corinth |
Corint (Catalan), Corinthe (French), Corinto (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Korint (Croatian,
Czech, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene), Kórinta (Icelandic), Korintas (Lithuanian), Korinth (German),
Korinthe (Dutch), Kórinthos - Κόρινθος (Greek), Korintti
(Finnish), Korynt (Polish) |
| Cork |
Corc (Welsh), Corcaigh (Irish) |
| Corunna |
La Corogne (French), A Coruña (Galician), La Coruña (Spanish), Corunha (Portuguese) |
| Cottbus |
Chociebuż (Polish), Chóśebuz (Sorbian), Chotěbuz (Czech) |
| Cracow |
Cracovia (Italian, Spanish, Romanian), Cracóvia (Portuguese), Cracovie (French), Kroke (Yiddish),
Krakau (Dutch, German), Krakiv (Ukrainian), Krakkó (Hungarian), Krakov (Croatian, Czech, Russian,
Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Turkish), Krakova (Finnish), Krakovía -
Κρακοβία (Greek), Krakovo (Esperanto), Kraków (Polish),
Krākūf (Arabic), Krokuva (Lithuanian) |
| Crécy |
Crécy-en-Ponthieu (French), Kresčak (Czech) |
| English Name |
Other name(s) or older name(s) |
| Daugavpils |
Daugavpils (Latvian), Denenburg (Yiddish), Dünaburg (German), Dvinsk (Russian) |
| Debrecen |
Debrecen (Hungarian), Debrecín (Czech), Debreţin (Romanian) |
| Den Bosch |
Bois-le-Duc (French), Bolduque (Spanish), Boscoducale (Italian [obs.]), Den Bos (Frisian), Den
Bosch / 's-Hertogenbosch (Dutch), Herzogenbusch (German) |
| Dijon |
Digione (Italian), Dijon (French), Diviodunum (Latin) |
| Dillingen |
Dilinga (Spanish), Dillingen (German) |
| Donetsk |
Doneţk (Romanian), Donetsk (Russian), Donetskas (Lithuanian), Donezk (German),
Donieck (Polish), Donjeck (Serbian); Stalino (former name), Yuzovka (former name) |
| Dover |
Douvres (French), Doveris (Lithuanian), Duvra (Latvian) |
| Drachhausen |
Drachhausen (German), Hochoza (Lower Sorbian) |
| Dresden |
Drážďany (Czech, Slovak), Dresda (Italian, Portuguese, Romanian), Dresde (French, Spanish),
Drésdi (Greek), Drezda (Hungarian), Drezdenas (Lithuanian), Drezno (Polish),
Drježdźany (Lower Sorbian) |
| Drohobycz |
Drobitsh (Yiddish), Drogobych (Russian), Drohobych (Ukrainian), Drohobycz (German, Polish) |
| Dubrovnik |
Dubrovnik (Croatian, Serbian), Dubrovnikas (Lithuanian), Ragusa (Italian), Raguse (old
French) |
| Dublin |
Baile Átha Cliath (Irish), Dubh Linn (archaic Irish variant), Dablin (Arabic, Serbian), Dhuvlíno
- Δουβλίνο (Greek), Dublim (Portuguese), Dublín (Spanish),
Dublinas (Lithuanian), Dublino (Italian), Dulenn (Breton), Dulyn (Welsh), Dyflinni
(Icelandic) |
| Dunkirk |
Dhunkérki - Δουγκέρκη (Greek), Duinkerken (Dutch),
Dunkerque (French), Dunkierka (Polish), Dünkirchen (German), Dunquerque (Italian, Portuguese,
Spanish) |
| Durrës |
Drač (Croatian, Czech, Serbian), Durazzo (Italian), Durrës / Durrësi (Albanian) |
| Düsseldorf |
Diuseldorfas (Lithuanian), Dizeldorf (Macedonian), Düsseldorf (German), Dusseldórfia
(Portuguese), Dusseldorp (Dutch), Duesseldorf (Walloon) |
| Dushanbe |
Doesjanbe (Dutch), Douchanbé (French), Dušanbe (Finnish, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Tajik),
Dušanbė (Lithuanian), Duşanbe (Romanian, Turkish), Dūšānbī (Arabic),
Duschanbe (German), Dusjanbe (Swedish), Duszanbe (Polish); Hissar (former name) |
| English Name |
Other name(s) or older name(s) |
| Gallipoli |
Galipolis (Lithuanian), Galipolje (Croatian, Serbian), Gallipoli (Italian), Gelibolu (Turkish),
Kalípolis - Καλλίπολις (Greek) |
| Galway |
Gaillimh (Irish) |
| Gdańsk |
Dants (Yiddish), Danzica (Italian), Danzig (German), Gdaňsk (Czech), Gdańsk
(Polish), Gdanskas (Lithuanian), Gduńsk (Kashubian) |
| Gdynia |
Gdingen (German), Gdiniô (Kashubian/Pomeranian), Gdyně (Czech), Gdynė (Lithuanian),
Gdynia (Polish), Gotenhafen (German 1939-1945) |
| Geneva |
Cenevre (Turkish), Genebra (Portuguese), Geneve / Genève (Dutch), Geneve (Finnish),
Genève (French), Genevra (Romansh), Genewa (Polish), Genf (German, Hungarian), An Ghinéiv
(Irish), Ginebra (Catalan, Spanish), Ginevra (Italian), Jinīf (Arabic), Yenévi -
Γενέβη (Greek), Ženeva (Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Lithuanian, Russian,
Serbian, Slovak, Ukrainian), Djeneve (Walloon) |
| Genoa |
Cenova (Turkish), Đenova (Serbian), Gênes (French), Gènova (Catalan), Genova
(Finnish, Italian, Romanian), Génova / Gênova (Portuguese), Génova (Spanish), Genua (Dutch, German,
Latin, Polish), Genuja (Lithuanian), Janov (Czech, Slovak), Zena (Genoese) |
| Ghent |
Gand (French), Gandawa (Polish), Gante (Spanish), Gent (Dutch/Flemish, Finnish, German),
Guanto (old Italian) |
| Gibraltar |
Cebelitarık (Turkish), Gibilterra (Italian), Gibraltar (Spanish), Gibraltaras
(Lithuanian) |
| Girona |
Gerona (Spanish), Girona (Catalan) |
| Gjirokastër |
Argirocastro (Italian), Aryirókastron (Greek), Gjirokastër / Gjirokastra (Albanian),
Ergiri (Turkish) |
| Glarus |
Glaris (French), Glarona (Italian), Glaruna (Romansh), Glarus (German) |
| Glasgow |
Glaschú (Irish), Glaschù (Scots Gaelic) |
| Gliwice |
Gleiwitz (German), Gliwice (Polish) |
| Gmünd |
Cmunt (Czech), Gmünd (German) |
| Gorizia |
Gorica (Slovene), Gorizia (Italian), Görz (German) |
| Görlitz |
Görlitz (German), Zgorzelec (Polish), Zhořelec (Czech) |
| Gothenburg |
Gioteburgas (Lithuanian), Goeteborg (Polish), Göteborg (Finnish, German, Swedish), Göteburg
(Turkish), Gotemburgo (Portuguese, Spanish), Gotenburg (Dutch, German [obs.]) |
| Göttingen |
Getynga (Polish), Getynky (Czech), Gœttingue (French), Gotinga (Spanish, Portuguese),
Gottinga (Italian) |
| Gramzow |
Gramzow (German), Grębowo (Polish) |
| Granada |
al-Ġarnāda (Arabic), Granada (Italian, Spanish, Lithuanian), Grenade (French) |
| Graz |
Gradec (Slovene), Graz (German), Grodziec (Polish), Štýrský Hradec (Czech) |
| Greifswald |
Greifswald (German), Gryfia (Polish) |
| Grodno |
Gardinas (Lithuanian), Grodno (Polish, Russian), Grodne (Yiddish), Hrodna (Belarusian),
Hrodno (Ukrainian) |
| Groningen |
Grins (Frisian), Groninga (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Groningen (Dutch, German), Groningue
(French), Grönnen / Grunnen / Grunn'n (Gronings), Groot Loug or Stad (local nicknames) |
| Grozny |
Djovkhar Ghaala (Chechen), Džochargala (alternative Lithuanian name), Groznas (Lithuanian),
Groznîi (Romanian), Groznyj - Грозный (Russian) |
| Grudziądz |
Graudenz (German), Grudziądz (Polish) |
| Günzburg |
Günzburg (German), Gunzburgo (Spanish) |
| Gusev |
Gabin (Polish), Gumbinė (Lithuanian), Gumbinnen (German), Gusev -
Гусев (Russian) |
| Győr |
Győr (Hungarian), Raab (German), Ráb (Czech) |
| English Name |
Other name(s) or older name(s) |
| Haderslev |
Hadersleben (German), Haderslev (Danish) |
| Hamburg |
Amburgo (Italian), Amvúrgho - Αμβούργο (Greek), Gamburg -
Гамбург (Russian), Hamborg (Danish, Swedish), Hambourg (French),
Hamburch (Frisian, Low Saxon), Hambūrġ (Arabic), Hamburg (Afrikaans, Croatian, Danish, Estonian,
German, Hungarian, Polish, Romanian), Hamburgas (Lithuanian), Hamburgo (Portuguese, Spanish), Hamburk
(Czech), Hampuri (Finnish) |
| Hämeenlinna |
Hämeenlinna (Finnish), Tavastehus (Swedish) |
| Hamelin |
Hamelen (Dutch), Hamelin (French, Italian, Portuguese), Hamelín (Spanish), Hameln (German) |
| Hanau |
Hanau (German), Hanava (Czech) |
| Hanover |
Anóvero - Ανόβερο (Greek), Ganover -
Гановер (Russian), Hannover (Dutch, Finnish, German, Italian),
Hanôver (Portuguese), Hanóver (Spanish), Hanoveris (Lithuanian), Hanovra (Romanian), Hanovre
(French), Hanower (Polish), Hanôve (Walloon) |
| Hasselt |
Hasselt (Dutch, French), Hasse / Hasque / Hassèl (Walloon), |
| Heligoland |
Helgoland (German) |
| Helsinki |
Elsínki (Greek), Helsingfors (Danish, Swedish), Helsingi (Estonian), Hel'sinki (Bulgarian,
Russian, Ukrainian), Helsinki (Finnish, Italian, Polish), Helsinkis (Lithuanian), Helsinky (Czech),
Helsinque (Brazilian Portuguese), Helsínquia (Portuguese), Helsset (North Sami), Hilsīnkī
(Arabic) |
| Heraklion |
Candia (Italian), Iraklion (Greek, Polish), Kandiye (Turkish) |
| Hertogenbosh |
's Hertogenbosh (Dutch), Bois-le-Duc (French) |
| Homyel' |
Gomel' (Russian), Homl (Yiddish), Homyel' (Belarusian), Homel (Polish) |
| Hoyerswerda |
Hoyerswerda (German), Wojerecy (Sorbian) |
| Huy |
Huy (French), Hoei (Dutch), Hu (Walloon) |
| English Name |
Other name(s) or older name(s) |
| Kaliningrad |
Kaliningrad - Кaлинингpaд (Russian), Kaliningrado (Spanish),
Kalinjingrad (Croatian), Kaljinjingrad (Serbian), Karaliaučius (Lithuanian), Kenigsberg
קעניגסבערג (Yiddish), Keunigsbarg (Low Saxon),
Koningsbergen (Dutch), Königsberg (German), Královec (Czech), Królewiec (former Polish name) |
| Kamenz |
Kamenz (German), Kamjenc (Upper Sorbian) |
| Kamyaniets Podilskiy |
Kamenets קאַמענעץ (Yiddish), Kamenets-Podol'skiy (Russian),
Kamieniec (Polish), Kam"yanets'-Podil's'kyy -
Кaм'янeць-Пoдiльcький (Ukrainian) |
| Kandalaksha |
Kandalaksha - Кaндaлaкшa (Russian), Kannanlahti / Kantalahti
(Finnish) |
| Kartuzy |
Karthaus (German), Kartuzy (Polish) |
| Katowice |
Katovicai (Lithuanian), Katovice (Czech, Serbian), Katoviçe (Turkish), Katowice (Polish),
Kattowitz (German); Stalinogród (Polish 1953-1956) |
| Kaunas |
Kauen (German), Kaunas (Lithuanian), Kovne קאָװנע (Yiddish), Kovno
(Czech), Kovno - Кoвнo (Russian), Kowno (Polish) |
| Kem' |
Kem' - Кeмь (Russian), Kemi or Vienan Kemi (Finnish) |
| Kętrzyn |
Kętrzyn (Polish), Rastenburg (German) |
| Kharkov |
Char'kiv - Xapькiв (Ukrainian), Charkov (Czech, Slovak), Charkovas (Lithuanian),
Charków (Polish), Harkov (Romanian), Har'kov - Xapькoв (Russian), Harkova
(Finnish), Karkov (Turkish) |
| Kiel |
Kiel (German), Kilonia (Polish), Kylis (Lithuanian), Quília (Portuguese) |
| Kielce |
Kelts קעלץ (Yiddish), Kel'tsy - Кeльцы (Russian),
Kielce (Polish) |
| Kiev |
Kænugarður (Icelandic), Kiëv (Dutch), Kiev (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish) Kiev
קיִעװ (Yiddish), Kiev - Киев (Russian), Kíevo (Greek),
Kiew (German), Kijev (Croatian, Hungarian, Serbian, Slovene), Kijeva (Latvian), Kijevas (Lithuanian),
Kijów (Polish), Kiova (Finnish), Kīyif (Arabic), Kyïv - Київ
(Ukrainian), Kyjev (Czech, Slovak); Qiyov - קיוב (Hebrew) |
| Kilkenny |
Cill Chainnigh (Irish) |
| Kiruna |
Giron (Sami), Kiiruna (Finnish) |
| Klagenfurt |
Celovec (Czech, Slovene), Klagenfurt (German), Želanec (alternative Czech name) |
| Klaipeda |
Klaipeda (Finnish), Klaipėda (Lithuanian), Kłajpeda (Polish), Memel (German) |
| Kobarid |
Caporetto (Italian), Kobarid (Slovene) |
| Kolkwitz |
Gołkojce (Lower Sorbian), Kolkwitz (Niederlausitz) (German) |
| Kolomyya |
Kilemey קילעמײ (Yiddish), Kolomea (German), Kołomyja (Polish),
Kolomyja - Кoлoмия (Ukrainian) |
| Kondopoga |
Kondopoga - Кoндoпoгa (Russian), Kontiolahti (Finnish) |
| Konstanz |
Constance (French, variant in English), Constância (Portuguese), Costanza (Italian), Konstancja
(Polish), Köstence (Turkish), Kostnice (Czech) |
| Köpenick |
Köpenick (German), Kopník (Czech) |
| Koper |
Capodistria (Italian), Kopar (Croatian, Serbian), Koper (Slovene) |
| Košice |
Kaschau (German), Kassa (Hungarian), Košice (Serbian, Slovak), Koszyce (Polish) |
| Kosovo Polje |
Amselfeld (German), Champ des merles (French), Fushe Koseve (Albanian), Kosovo Polje (Serbian),
Kosowe Pole (Polish), Rigómező (Hungarian) |
| Kotor |
Cattaro (Italian), Kotor (Croatian, Serbian) |
| Kovel |
Kovel' - Кoвeль (Russian, Ukrainian), Kovel (Polish), Kovl
קאָװל (Yiddish) |
| Krems |
Krems (German), Kremže / Křemže (Czech) |
| Kristianstad |
Kristianstad (Swedish), Kristianstadas (Lithuanian) |
| Kristinestad |
Christinae Stadh (older Swedish name), Kristiinankaupunki (Finnish), Kristingrad (Serbian) |
| Krnov |
Carnovia (Latin), Jägerndorf (German), Karniów (older Polish name), Krnov (Czech), Krnów
(Polish) |
| Kudowa Zdrój |
Chudoba (Czech), Kudowa-Zdrój (Polish) |
| Kwidzyn |
Kwidzyn (Polish), Marienwerder (German) |
| English Name |
Other name(s) or older name(s) |
| Labin |
Albona (Italian), Labin (Croatian) |
| Lahti |
Lahti (Finnish, Slovene), Lahtis (Swedish) |
| Lappeenranta |
Lappeenranta (Finnish), Villmanstrand (Swedish) |
| Lausanne |
Lausanne (French), Lausana (Spanish), Losanna (Italian), Lozan (Turkish), Lozana
(Serbian), Lozáni (Greek), Lozanna (Polish), Luzana (Slovene) |
| Leeuwarden |
Leeuwarden (Dutch), Ljouwert (Frisian) |
| Leghorn |
Liorna (Spanish), Livorno (Italian, Finnish, German, Romanian), Livourne (French) |
| Leicester |
Caerlyr (Welsh) |
| Leiden |
Leida (Italian), Leiden (Dutch, Slovene), Lejda (Polish), Leyde (French), Leyden (variant
in English) |
| Leipzig |
Lajpcig (Serbian), Leipcigas (Lithuanian), Leipzig (French, German, Slovene), Lipcse (Hungarian),
Lipsca (old Romanian), Lipsía (Greek), Lipsia (Italian), Lípsia (Portuguese), Lipsk (Lower
Sorbian, Polish), Lipsko (Czech, Slovak) |
| Lębork |
Lauenburg (German), Lębork (Polish) |
| Lezhë |
Lezhë / Lezha (Albanian), Alessio (Italian) |
| Liege |
Lîdje / Lîdge (Walloon), Liège (French), Liége (former French), Liegi (Italian), Lieja
(Catalan, Spanish), Liež (Serbian), Luik (Dutch), Lutych (Czech), Lüttich (German),
Leodium (Latin) |
| Liepāja |
Libau (German), Libava or Liyepaya (Russian) Libave (Yiddish), Liepāja (Latvian),
Lipawa (Polish) |
| Lier |
Lier (Dutch), Lierre (French) |
| Lille |
Lilla (Catalan, Italian), Lille (French), Rijsel (Dutch) |
| Limerick |
Limeriko (Esperanto), Luimneach (Irish) |
| Linz |
Linec (Czech), Linz (German, Slovene) |
| Lisbon |
Liospóin (Irish), Lisabon (Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Serbian), Lisabona (Lithuanian, Romanian),
Lisboa (Portuguese, Spanish), Lisbona (Italian), Lisbonne (French), Lisbono (Esperanto),
Lišbūna (Arabic), Lissabon (Danish, Dutch, Finnish, German, Russian, Swedish), Lissavóna (Greek),
Lisszabon (Hungarian), Lizbon (Turkish), Lizbona (Polish, Slovene), Uşbune (old Arabian) |
| Liverpool |
Learpholl (Irish), Lerpwl (Welsh), Liverpūle (Latvian), Liverpulis (Lithuanian),
Liverpulo (Esperanto), Llynlleifiad (former Welsh) |
| Ljubljana |
Laibach (German), Liubliana (Portuguese, Spanish), Liublijana (Lithuanian),
Liyūbliyānā (Arabic), Ljubljana (French, Slovene), Lubiana (Italian), Lublaň
(Czech), Lublana (Polish), Ľubľana (Slovak), Lubyana (Turkish) |
| Lleida |
Lerida (Italian), Lérida (French, Portuguese, Spanish), Lleida (Catalan) |
| Löbau |
Löbau (German), Lubij (Upper Sorbian), Lubiniec (Polish) |
| London |
Landan (Arabic), Llundain (Welsh), Londain (Irish), Londen (Dutch), Londhíno (Greek),
Londinium (Latin), Londona (Latvian), Londonas (Lithuanian), Londono (Esperanto), Londra
(Italian, Romanian, Turkish), Londres (Catalan, French, Portuguese, Spanish), Londyn (Polish), Londýn
(Czech, Slovak), Lontoo (Finnish), Loundres (Cornish), Lundúnir (Icelandic), Lunnainn (Scots
Gaelic) |
| Londonderry |
Derio (Esperanto), Derry (official English name in Republic of Ireland; disputed usage in Northern Ireland),
Doire (Irish) |
| Lourdes |
Lourdes (French, Italian), Lurdy (Czech) |
| Louvain |
Leuven (Dutch), Louvain (French), Lováin (Irish), Lovaina (Catalan, Portuguese, Spanish),
Lovaň (Czech), Lovanio (Italian), Löwen (German), Lovin (Walloon) |
| Lübben |
Lübben (German), Lubin (Lower Sorbian) |
| Lübbenau |
Lübbenau (German), Lubnjow (Lower Sorbian) |
| Lübeck |
Liubekas (Lithuanian), Lubecca (Italian), Lübeck (French, German), Lubek (Czech), Lubeka
(Polish), Lyypekki (Finnish) |
| Lucca |
Lucca (Italian), Lucques (French), Lukka (Polish) |
| Lucerne |
Liucerna (Lithuanian), Lucern (Czech, Slovene), Lucerna (Italian, Romansh, Polish, Romanian, Spanish),
Lucerne (French), Lukérni (Greek), Luzern (German, Finnish, Serbian, Turkish), Luzerna (Catalan) |
| Luleå |
Luleå (Swedish), Lulėja (Lithuanian), Luleo (Serbian), Luulaja (Finnish) |
| Lüneburg |
Lüneburch (Low Saxon), Lüneburg (German), Luneburgo (Italian), Lunenburg (variant in
English) |
| Luxembourg |
Lëtzebuerg (Luxembourgish), Liuksemburgas (Lithuanian), Ljuksemburg (Bulgarian, Russian),
Ljuksemburh (Ukrainian), Lucemburk (Czech), Lucsamburg (Irish), Luksemboarch (Frisian),
Luksemburg (Croatian, Estonian, Macedonian, Polish, Serbian, Slovene), Lüksemburg (Turkish), Luksemburga
(Latvian), Luksemburgio (Esperanto), Lussemburgo (Italian), Lussimbork (Walloon), Lúxemborg
(Icelandic), Luxemborg / Luxembourg / Luxemburg (Danish), Luxembourg (Afrikaans, French),
Luxemburg (Basque variant, Catalan, Dutch, English variant, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Romanian, Swedish),
Luxemburgia (Latin variant), Luxemburgo (Portuguese, Spanish), Luxemburgum (Latin), Luxembursko
(Slovak), Luxemvúrgho - Λουξεμβούργο (Greek),
Luxenburgo (Basque), Lwcsembwrg (Welsh) |
| L'viv |
Ilyvó (Hungarian), Lavov (Croatian), Lemberg (German), Lemberig, Lemberyk, Lemberek (Yiddish),
Léopol (French), Leopoli (Italian), Leopolis (Latin), Lióv (Romanian), L'viv -
Львів (Ukrainian), Lvov (Finnish, Slovene), L'vov -
Львов (Russian), Ľvov (Slovak), Lvovas (Lithuanian), Lwów
(Polish) |
| Lyon |
Lião (Portuguese), Lijonas (Lithuanian), Lió (Catalan), Lione (Italian), Liono
(Esperanto), Liyon (Serbian), Lugdunum or Lugudunum (Latin), Lyon (French, German, Slovene),
Lyón (Spanish), Lyons (traditional English name) |
| English Name |
Other name(s) or older name(s) |
| Maastricht |
Maastricht (Dutch, French), Maestricht (former French, Flemisch), Mastrichtas (Lithuanian),
Mastrique (Spanish), Mestreech (local Limburger dialect), Traiectum ad Mosam or Traiectum superius
(Latin), Måstrek / Li Trek (Walloon) |
| Madrid |
Madhríti (Greek), Madri (Portuguese), Madrid (French, Italian, Spanish), Madridas (Lithuanian),
Madrido (Esperanto), Madryt (Polish), Maidrid (Irish), Mecrit (Arabic) |
| Mahilyow |
Mahilyow (Belarusian), Mogilev (Russian), Mogilew or Mohylew (Polish), Molev
(Yiddish) |
| Mainz |
Määnz (local dialect), Magonza (Italian), Maguncia (Spanish), Mainz (German), Majnc
(Serbian), Mayence (French), Mogúncia (Portuguese), Moguncja (Polish), Moguntiacum (Latin),
Mohuč (Czech, Slovak), Meenz (former local dialect) |
| Malbork |
Malbork (Polish), Marienburg (German) |
| Manchester |
Manceinion (Welsh), Mančestra (Latvian), Manĉestro (Esperanto), Mančesteris
(Lithuanian), Manchain (Irish), Mancunium (Latin) |
| Monschau |
Monschau (German), Montjoie (French) |
| Mantua |
Mantoue (French), Mantova (Italian, Finnish, Czech, Slovak), Mantua (Latin), Mântua
(Portuguese) |
| Maribor |
Marburg (German), Maribor (Slovene), Morpurgo (old Italian) |
| Mariehamn |
Maarianhamina (Finnish), Mariehamn (Swedish) |
| Marktredwitz |
Marktredwitz (German), Ředvice (Czech) |
| Marseilles |
Marseille (French), Marsel' (Russian), Marselha (Portuguese), Marselj (Serbian), Marseljo
(Esperanto), Marsella (Spanish), Marsiglia (Italian), Marsilha (Provençal), Marsilia (Romanian),
Marsīliyā (Arabic), Marsilya (Turkish), Marsylia (Polish), Massalía (Greek),
Marselis (Lithuanian) |
| Mechelen |
Malinas (Spanish), Malines (Catalan, French), Mechelen (Dutch/Flemish), Mecheln (German),
Mechlin (older English name) |
| Meissen |
Meißen (German), Míšeň (Czech), Misnia (Italian), Miśnia (Polish) |
| Melk |
Medlík (Czech), Melk (German), Mölk (older German name) |
| Metz |
Divodurum (Latin), Mec - Мец (Bulgarian, Serbian, Russian), Mety (Czech),
Metz (French, German, Italian, Romanian) |
| Międzybórz |
Mezbizh (Yiddish), Międzybórz (Łódźkie) (Polish) |
| Miercurea-Ciuc |
Csíkszereda (Hungarian), Miercurea-Ciuc (Romanian), Szeklerburg (German) |
| Mikkeli |
Mikkeli (Finnish), St. Michel (Swedish) |
| Mikulov |
Mikulov (Czech), Nikolsburg (German) |
| Milan |
Mailand (German), Mediolan (Polish), Mediólana (former Greek name), Mediolānum (Latin),
Milà (Catalan), Milaan (Dutch), Milán (Czech, Spanish), Milano (Croatian, Esperanto, Finnish,
Italian, Romanian, Serbian, Turkish), Miláno (Greek, Slovak), Milánó (Hungarian), Mīlānū
(Arabic), Milão (Portuguese), Milanas (Lithuanian) |
| Minsk |
Mensk (Belarusian), Minsk (Russian, Yiddish), Mińsk (Polish), Mins'k (Ukrainian),
Minsko (Esperanto), Minszk (Hungarian), Minskas (Lithuanian) |
| Miskolc |
Miskolc (Hungarian), Miškovec (Czech, Slovak), Miszkolc (Polish) |
| Monaco |
Monaco (Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Swedish, Welsh), Monacó (Irish),
Mónaco (Portuguese, Spanish), Monakas (Lithuanian), Monako (Basque, Esperanto, Latvian, Polish, Serbian,
Slovak, Turkish), Monakó - Μονακό (Greek), Mónakó (Icelandic), Monoecus
(Latin), Munegu (Monegasque) |
| Mons |
Bergen (Dutch), Berĥeno (Esperanto), Mons (French), Mont (Walloon) |
| Montbéliard |
Mömpelgard (German), Montbéliard (French) |
| Moscow |
Maskava (Latvian), Maskva (Belarusian), Mosca (Italian), Moscó (Irish), Moscou (French,
Brazilian Portuguese), Moscova (Romanian), Moscovo (Portuguese), Moscú (Spanish), Moskau (German),
Móskha (Greek), Moskou (Dutch), Moskova (Finnish, Turkish), Moskva (Bulgarian, Czech, Slovak,
Croatian, Serbian, Slovene, Danish, Russian, Swedish, Ukrainian), Moskve (Yiddish), Moskvo (Esperanto),
Moskwa (Polish), Moszkva (Hungarian), Mūskū (Arabic) |
| Mosonmagyaróvár |
Mosonmagyaróvár (Hungarian), Wieselburg-Ungarisch Altenburg (German) |
| Mukacheve |
Mukačevo (Czech, Slovak), Mukacheve - Мyкaчeвe (Ukrainian),
Mukachevo - Мyкaчeвo (Russian), Mukachiv - Мyкaчiв
(Ruthenian), Mukaczewo (Polish), Minkatsh (Yiddish), Munkács (Hungarian), Munkatsch (German) |
| Mulhouse |
Milhüse or Milhüsa (Alsatian), Mülhausen (German), Mulhouse (French), Mylhúzy (Czech) |
| Munich |
Minhen (Serbian), Minkhn (Yiddish); Miunchenas (Lithuanian), Miyūnikh (Arabic),
Mjunkhen (Bulgarian, Russian, Ukrainian), Mnichov (Czech), Mníchov (Slovak), Monachium (Polish),
Monaco di Baviera (Italian), Mónakho (Greek), München (Dutch, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Romanian, Low
Saxon, Swedish), Munĥeno or Munkeno (Esperanto), Múnich (Spanish), Münih (Turkish),
Munique (Portuguese), Mûnik (Walloon) |
| Münster |
Münster (German), Meuster (Walloon) |
| Murmansk |
Moermansk (Dutch), Mourmansk (French), Murmansk -
Мурманск (Russian), Murmansko (Esperanto), Muurmanni or
Muurmanski (older Finnish names), Muurmansk (Finnish); Romanov-on-Murman (former name) |
| English Name |
Other name(s) or older name(s) |
| Namur |
Namur (French), Namen (Dutch), Nameur (Walloon) |
| Nancy |
Nancy (French), Nanzig (German) |
| Naples |
Nābūlī (Arabic), Napels (Dutch), Nápoles (Portuguese, Spanish), Napoli (Italian,
Finnish, Romanian, Turkish), Napolo (Esperanto), Nàpols (Catalan), Nápoly (Hungarian), Napulj
(Croatian, Serbian), Neapel (German), Neapolis (Lithuanian), Neapol (Czech, Polish, Slovak), Neapol'
(Russian, Ukrainian), Neapole (old Romanian name), Neápoli (modern Greek), Neápolis (ancient Greek) |
| Narbonne |
Narbo or Narbo Martius (Latin), Narbona (Italian, Spanish), Narbonne (French) |
| Neuchâtel |
Neuchâtel (French), Neuenburg (German) |
| Newport (Monmouthshire) |
Casnewydd (Welsh) |
| Newport (Pembrokeshire) |
Trefdraeth (Welsh) |
| Nice |
Niça (Catalan), Nicea (Polish), Níkea (Greek), Nis (Turkish), Nisa (Romanian), Niza
(Spanish), Nizza (Italian, Finnish, German, Hungarian), Nica (Lithuanian) |
| Nicosia |
Lefkoşe (Turkish), Lefkosía (Greek), Nicosia (Hungarian, Italian, Spanish), Nicósia
(Portuguese), Nicosie (French), Nikosia / Lefkosia (Finnish), Nikosia (German), Nikosija
(Russian, Ukrainian), Nikosio (Esperanto), Nikozija (Serbian), Nikozja (Polish),
Nīqūsiyā (Arabic), Nikozija (Lithuanian) |
| Nijmegen |
Nijmegen (Dutch), Nimega (Italian, Spanish), Nimègue (French), Nimwegen (German), Nîmegue
(Walloon) |
| Nizhny Novgorod |
Nijni-Novgorod (French, Romanian), Nischnij Nowgorod (German), Nizhni Novgorod (Finnish), Nižnij
Novgorod - Нижний Новгород
(Russian), Nižný Novgorod (Slovak), Nowogród (Polish); Gorky (former name 1932-1990), Nižny
Novgordas (Lithuanian) |
| Novi Sad |
Neusatz (German), Novi Sad - Нови Сад (Serbian), Nový
Sad (Slovak), Újvidék (Hungarian), Novi Sadas (Lithuanian) |
| Nowy Sącz |
Neu-Sandez (German), Nowy Sącz (Polish), Sandz (Yiddish) |
| Nuremberg |
Neurenberg (Dutch), Niremvéryi - Νυρεμβέργη (Greek),
Norimberg (Slovene), Norimberga (Italian), Norimberk (Czech), Nörnberg (Low Saxon), Norymberga
(Polish), Núremberg (Spanish), Nuremberga (Portuguese), Nürnberg (Finnish, German, Hungarian),
Niurnbergas (Lithuanian) |
| English Name |
Other name(s) or older name(s) |
| Óbuda (now part of Budapest) |
Altofen (German), Óbuda (Hungarian), Starý Budín (Czech) |
| Odessa |
Ades (Yiddish), Hacıbey (Turkish), Odesa (Ukrainian), Odessa (Russian) |
| Oldenburg |
Oldemburgo (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Oldenburg (German), Starogard (Polish, Serbian) |
| Olomouc |
Olmütz (German), Olomóc or Holomóc (Czech - Hanakian dialect), Olomouc (Czech), Olomuncium
(Latin), Ołomuniec (Polish) |
| Olsztyn |
Allenstein (German), Olsztyn (Polish), Olštinas (Lithuanian) |
| Opava |
Opava (Czech), Opavia (Latin), Opawa (Polish), Troppau (German) |
| Opole |
Opole (Polish), Opolí (Czech), Oppeln (German) |
| Oporto |
Burtuqāl (Arabic), Oporto (Italian, Spanish), Porto (Czech, Esperanto, French, German, Polish,
Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian), Portas (Lithuanian) |
| Oradea |
Gran Varadino (Italian), Großwardein (German), Magno-Varadinum (Latin variant), Nagyvárad
(Hungarian), Oradea (Romanian), Varadinum (Latin), Varat (Turkish) |
| Oranienburg |
Bocov (Czech), Bötzow (former German name), Oranienburg (German) |
| Oslo |
Asloa (Latin), Oslo (Bahasa Indonesia, Danish, Dutch, Esperanto, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Norwegian,
Polish, Romanian, Spanish, Swedish), Osló (Irish), Ósló (Icelandic), Ūslū (Arabic), Oslas
(Lithuanian), Christiania (former Dano-Norwegian name 1624-1925), Kristiania (late version of former name) |
| Osnabrück |
Osnabrück (German), Osnabrugge (Dutch), Osnabruque (Portuguese) |
| Ostend |
Oostende (Dutch/Flemish), Ostenda (Italian, Polish), Ostende (Czech, French, German, Portuguese,
Serbian), Ostendo (Esperanto), Ostendė (Lithuanian), Ostinde (Walloon) |
| Oświęcim |
Auschwitz (German), Osvětim (Czech), Osvienčim
(Slovak), Oświęcim (Polish) |
| Oulu |
Oulu (Finnish), Uleåborg (Swedish) |
| Oxford |
Oksfordo (Esperanto), Oxonia (Latin), Rhydychen (Welsh), Oksfordas (Lithuanian) |
| English Name |
Other name(s) or older name(s) |
| Padua |
Padoue (French), Padova (Italian, Finnish, Romanian, Croatian, Czech, Slovak), Pádua (Portuguese),
Padwa (Polish) |
| Palermo |
Palerme (French), Palermo (Italian, Finnish, Polish), Palermas (Lithuanian) |
| Pamplona |
Banbalūna (Arabic), Iruña (Basque), Pamplona (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Pampelune
(French), Pampaluna / Lunapampa (Old Provençal), Pampeluna (Polish) |
| Paris |
Bārīs (Arabic), Páras (Irish), Parigi (Italian), Pariis (Estonian), Pariisi
(Finnish), Parijs (Dutch), París (Catalan, Spanish), Paris (French, Norwegian) Parísi (Greek),
Pariso or Parizo (Esperanto), Pariž (Bulgarian, Russian), Pariz (Croatian, Serbian, Yiddish),
Paříž (Czech), Paríž (Slovak), Parīze (Latvian), Párizs (Hungarian),
Paryż (Polish), Paryzh (Ukrainian), Paryžius (Lithuanian) |
| Parma |
Parme (French), Parma (Italian, Latin, Polish, Portuguese, Spanish) |
| Pärnu |
Parnawa (Polish), Pärnu (Estonian), Pernau (German), Piarnu (Lithuanian) |
| Passau |
Batavia (Latin), Pasawa (Polish), Pasov (Czech), Passau (German), Passovia (Italian) |
| Pazin |
Pisino (Italian), Pazin (Croatian) |
| Pécs |
Pětikostelí (Czech), Pečuh (Croatian), Fünfkirchen (German), Päťkostolie
(Slovak) |
| Perpignan |
Perpignan (French), Perpignano (Italian), Perpiñán (Spanish), Perpinhão (Portuguese),
Perpinjan (Serbian), Perpinyà (Catalan) |
| Perugia |
Pérouse (French), Perugia (Italian), Perusa (Spanish) |
| Petroskoy |
Petrozavodsk (Russian), Petroskoi (Finnish), Äänislinna (old Finnish name), Petrozavodskas
(Lithuanian) |
| Piacenza |
Piacenza (Italian), Pjaćenca (Serbian), Plaisance (French), Plasencia (Spanish) |
| Piotrków Trybunalski |
Petrikau (German), Petrikev (Yiddish), Petrokov (Russian), Piotrków Trybunalski (Polish) |
| Plauen |
Plauen (German), Plavno (Czech) |
| Pleven |
Pleven (Bulgarian), Plevna (Romanian), Plevno (Czech) |
| Plovdiv |
Filibe (Turkish), Filippopoli (Italian), Philippoúpolis (Greek), Plovdiv (Bulgarian),
Płowdiw (Polish), Pulpudeva (ancient Macedonian, Moesian) |
| Plymouth |
Pleimuiden (Dutch), Plimuto (Esperanto) |
| Plzeň |
Pilsen (German, Italian), Pilzno (Polish), Plzeň (Czech) |
| Podgorica |
Titograd (former name), Ribnica (former name) |
| Pompeii |
Pompei (Italian), Pompeia (Portuguese), Pompeji (German), Pompeya (Spanish), Pompeja
(Serbian), Pompeje (Polish), Pompiia (Greek), Pompeiji (Finnish), "Pompėja" (Lithuanian) |
| Porec |
Parenzo (Italian), Poreč (Croatian) |
| Pori |
Björneborg (Swedish), Pori (Finnish) |
| Portorož |
Portorose (Italian), Portorož (Slovene) |
| Porvoo |
Borgå (Swedish), Porvoo (Finnish) |
| Potsdam |
Podstupim (Lower Sorbian), Postupim (Czech, Slovak), Potsdam (German, Italian), Poczdam (Polish),
Potsdamas (Lithuanian) |
| Poznań |
Posen (German), Posnania (Latin), Posnanie (French), Poyzn (Yiddish), Poznań
(Polish), Poznanė (Lithuanian) |
| Prague |
Birāġ (Arabic), Praha (Czech, Finnish, Norwegian, Slovak, Ukrainian, Lithuanian), Praag
(Dutch), Prag (Croatian, Danish, German, Serbian, Swedish, Turkish), Prág (Irish), Prága (Greek, Hungarian),
Praga (Bulgarian, Catalan, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Spanish), Prago (Esperanto), Prog
or Prug (Yiddish) |
| Pravdinsk |
Friedland (German), Pravdinsk (Russian), Romuva (Lithuanian) |
| Priozersk |
Kexholm / Keksholm (Swedish), Käkisalmi (Finnish), Korela (alternative Finnish name) |
| Pristina |
Prishtinë (Albanian), Priština - Приштина
(Serbian), Priştina (Turkish), Prisztina (Polish), Pristino (Esperanto), Priština
(Lithuanian) |
| Pruszcz Gdański |
Praust (German), Pruszcz Gdański (Polish) |
| Przemyśl |
Peremyshl (Russian), Premisl (Yiddish), Przemyśl (Polish) |
| Pskov |
Pihkva (Estonian), Pihkova (Finnish), Psków (Polish), Pleskau (German), Pskovas
(Lithuanian) |
| Pula |
Pola (Italian), Pula (Croatian) |
| Puławy |
Pilev (Yiddish), Puławy (Polish) |
| Pyrzyce |
Pyritz (German), Pyrzyce (Polish) |
| English Name |
Other name(s) or older name(s) |
| Rădăuţi |
Rădăuţi (Romanian), Radautz (German), Radevits (Yiddish) |
| Radymno |
Radymno (Polish), Redem (Yiddish) |
| Rauma |
Rauma (Finnish), Raumo (Swedish) |
| Regensburg |
Řezno (Czech), Ratisbona (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Ratisbonne (French), Ratyzbona
(Polish), Ratisbon (English [obs.], Latin), Regensborg (Low Saxon), Regensburg (German) |
| Rheims |
Reims (French), Remeš (Czech), Remso (Esperanto), Reimsas (Lithuanian) |
| Riga |
Riga (Italian, Portuguese, Russian), Rīga (Latvian), Rīġā (Arabic), Rige
(Yiddish), Riha (Belarusian, Ukrainian), Riia (Estonian), Riika (Finnish), Ryga (Lithuanian,
Polish) |
| Rijeka |
Fiume (Italian, Hungarian), Rijeka (Croatian), St. Veit am Flaum (German) |
| Rivne |
Rivne (Ukrainian), Rovne (Yiddish), Rovno (Russian), Równe (Polish), Rowno (German) |
| Rome |
Rhufain (Welsh), Rim (Bulgarian, Croatian, Serbian, Russian), Rím (Slovak), Řím (Czech),
An Róimh (Irish), Rom (German), Rómi (Greek), Róma (Hungarian), Roma (Catalan, Italian,
Lithuanian, Latvian, Norwegian, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish, Turkish), Romo (Esperanto), Rooma (Estonian,
Finnish), Roym (Yiddish), Rūmiya (Arabic), Rym (Ukrainian), Rzym (Polish) |
| Roskilde |
Hróarskelda (Icelandic), Roskilde (Danish) |
| Rostock |
Rostock (German), Roztoky (Czech), Rostokas (Lithuanian) |
| Rouen |
Rouen (French), Ruão (Portuguese), Rúðuborg (Icelandic) |
| Rovaniemi |
Roavenjarga (Sami), Rovaniemi (Finnish, Swedish), Rovaniemis (Lithuanian) |
| Rovinj |
Rovigno (Italian), Rovinj (Croatian) |
| Rzeszów |
Reichshof (German 1939-1945), Reyshe (Yiddish), Rzeszów (Polish) |
| English Name |
Other name(s) or older name(s) |
| Saarbrücken |
Saarbrücken (German), Sarrebruck (French, Spanish), Sarbriukenas (Lithuanian) |
| Saarlouis |
Sarrelouis (French), Saarlautern (German 1939-1945) |
| Sagunto |
Sagunt (Catalan, German), Sagunto (Italian, Spanish) |
| Salzburg |
Salisburgo (Italian), Salzbourg (French), Salzburg (German, Slovene), Salzburgo (Spanish),
Solnograd (old Slovene), Solnohrad (Czech) , Zalcburgas (Lithuanian) |
| Samara |
Kujbišev (Slovene), Kuybyshev (former name) |
| Samarkand |
Samarcanda (Catalan, Italian, Spanish), Samarcande (French), Samarkand (Slovene), Samarkanda
(Polish), Semerkant (Turkish), Samarkandas (Lithuanian) |
| San Sebastián |
Donostia (Basque), Sant Sebastià (Catalan), Saint-Sébastien (French), San Sebastijanas
(Lithuanian) |
| Santiago de Compostela |
Šānt Yāqūb (Arabic), Sant Jaume de Galícia (Catalan), Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle
(French), Santiago de Compostela (Galician, Portuguese), Santiago di Compostella (Italian) |
| Saragossa |
Saragoça (Portuguese), Saragosa (Slovene), Saragossa (Catalan, German), Saragosse (French),
Saragozza (Italian), Zaragoza (Czech, Spanish), Sarkusta (Arabic) |
| Sarajevo |
Sarāyīfū (Arabic), Sarajevo (Slovene), Sarajewo (German, Polish), Saraybosna
(Turkish), Szarajevó (Hungarian), Sarajevas (Lithuanian) |
| Saranda |
(Áyii) Saránda (Greek), Sarandë / Saranda (Albanian), Santiquaranta (Italian) |
| Saverne |
Zabern (German) |
| Schaffhausen |
Schaffhouse (French), Schaffhausen (German), Sciaffusa (Italian), Schaffusa (Romansh),
Szafuza (Polish) |
| Schmogrow |
Schmogrow (German), Smogorjow (Lower Sorbian) |
| Schweinfurt |
Schweinfurt (German, Slovene), Svinibrod (Czech) |
| Schwerin |
Schwerin (German), Swaryń (Polish), Zuarin (Obotritic), Zvěřín (Czech) |
| Schwyz |
Schwytz (French), Schwyz (German), Svitto (Italian), Sviz (Romansh) |
| Senj |
Segna (Italian), Senj (Croatian, Slovene), Zengg (old Hungarian name) |
| Seville |
al-Išbīliya (Arabic), Sevila (Slovene), Sevilha (Portuguese), Sevilia (Romanian
[obs.]), Seviljo (Esperanto), Sevilla (Catalan, Finnish, Norwegian, Slovak, Spanish, German), Séville
(French), Sevilya (Turkish), Sewilla (Polish), Siviglia (Italian), Sevilija (Lithuanian) |
| Shkodër |
Scutari (Italian), Skadar (Czech, Serbian, Slovene), Szkodra (Polish), Skutari (German) |
| Shrewsbury |
Amwythig (Welsh) |
| Šiauliai |
Schaulen (German), Shaulyay (Russian), Shavl (Yiddish), Šiauliai (Lithuanian), Szawle
(Polish) |
| Sibenik |
Sebenico (Italian), Šibenik (Croatian, Slovene) |
| Sibiu |
Sibiň (Czech), Sibiu (Romanian), Hermannstadt (German), Szeben (Hungarian) |
| Siedlce |
Sedlets (Russian), Shedlets (Yiddish), Siedlce (Polish) |
| Sienna |
Sienne (French), Siena (Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Slovene, Turkish), Siena (Lithuanian) |
| Sighişoara |
Schässburg (German), Segesvár (Hungarian), Sighişoara (Romanian) |
| Skopje |
Shkupi (Albanian), Skop'e (Russian), Skópia (Greek), Skopia (Spanish), Skopie (Bulgarian),
Skopje (Slovene), Skoplje (Serbian, Croatian), Skūbyī (Arabic), Üsküp (Turkish),
Skopjė (Lithuanian) |
| Sligo |
Sligeach (Irish) |
| Solin |
Salona (Italian), Solin (Croatian, Slovene) |
| Sofia |
Serdica (Latin), Sófia (Greek, Portuguese), Sofia (Italian), Sofía (Spanish), Sofija
(Bulgarian, Croatian, Russian, Serbian, Slovene, Ukrainian, Lithuanian), Sofio (Esperanto), Sofya (Turkish),
Sūfiyā (Arabic), Szófia (Hungarian) |
| Solothurn |
Soleure (French), Solothurn (German), Soletta (Italian), Soloturn (Romansh), Solura
(Polish) |
| Sønderborg |
Sonderburg (German) |
| Sopron |
Ödenburg (German), Šoproň (Czech), Sopron (Hungarian) |
| Sovetsk |
Sovetsk - Советск (Russian), Sovjetsk (Slovene), Tilsit
(German), Tilžė (Lithuanian) |
| Speyer |
Spires (English [obs.]), Espira (Spanish, Portuguese), Spire (French), Spira (Italian),
Špýr (Czech) |
| Split |
Spalato (Italian), Split (Croatian, Slovene), Splitas (Lithuanian) |
| Spremberg |
Grodk (Lower Sorbian), Spremberg (German) |
| St. Gallen |
Saint-Gall (French), Sankt Gallen (German), San Gallo (Italian), Son Gagl (Romansh), Svatý
Havel (Czech) |
| St. Petersburg |
Ayía Petrúpoli (Greek), Peterburg (Yiddish), Peterburi (Estonian), Petroburgo (Esperanto),
Pietari (Finnish), Saint-Pétersbourg (French), Sankt-Pecjarburh (Belarusian), Sankt-Peterburg
(Russian, Slovene), Sankt Peterburg (Serbian, Slovak), Sanktpēterburga (Latvian), Sankt Peterburgas
(Lithuanian), Sankt Petěrburk (Czech), Sankt Petersborg (Danish), Sankt Petersburg (German, Polish,
Romanian), Sankt Peterzburg (Serbian), San Petersburgo (Spanish), San Pietroburgo (Italian), Sānt
Bītarsbūrġ (Arabic), São Petersburgo (Portuguese), Sint-Petersburg (Dutch), St.
Petersburg Norwegian, Szentpétervár (Hungarian); Leningrad (former name), Leningrado (former Italian
name), Petrograd (former Russian name, former Slovene name), Petrohrad (former Czech name), Piotrogród
(former Polish name), Sankt Peterburgas (Lithuanian), Petrapilis (former Lithuanian) |
| St. Moritz |
Sankt Moritz (German), San Murezzan (Romansh), Svatý Mořic (Czech) |
| Starokonstantinov |
Alt-Konstantin (German), Starokonstantinov /
Староконстантинов
(Russian), Old Constantine (older English name), Starokostyantyniv (Ukrainian) |
| Stockholm |
Estocolm (Catalan), Estocolmo (Portuguese, Spanish), Istūkhūlm (Arabic), Stoccolma
(Italian), Stockholm (Norwegian, Slovene, Swedish), Stócólm (Irish), Stokgol'm (Russian),
Štokholm (Serbian, Slovak), Stokhol'm (Ukrainian), Stokholma (Latvian), Stokholmas (Lithuanian),
Stokholmo (Esperanto), Stokkhólmi (Greek), Sztokholm (Polish), Tukholma (Finnish), Stokholmas
(Lithuanian) |
| Stralsund |
Stralsund (German), Strzałowo (Polish) |
| Strasbourg |
Estrasburgo (Portuguese, Spanish), Schdroosburi or Strossburi (Alsatian), Straatsburg (Dutch),
Strasbourg (French, Norwegian, Slovene), Strasburg (Polish), Štrasburg (Slovak), Strasburgo
(Esperanto, Italian), Štrasburk (Czech), Strassburg (Finnish), Straßburg (German), Strazbur
(Serbian), Strasbūras (Lithuanian) |
| Straubing |
Straubing (German), Štrubina (Czech) |
| Stuttgart |
Estugarda (Portuguese), Štíhrad (Czech), Stoccarda (Italian), Stuttgart (German, Norwegian,
Slovene), Stoutgárdhi (Greek), Štutgartas (Lithuanian) |
| Subotica |
Mariatheresiopel (German), Subotica - Суботица
(Serbian), Subotica (Slovene), Szabadka (Hungarian) |
| Suceava |
Shots (Yiddish), Suceava (Romanian), Suczawa (German) |
| Swansea |
Abertaŭo (Esperanto), Abertawe (Welsh), Swansea (Slovene) |
| Świnoujście |
Swinemünde (German), Świnoujście (Polish) |
| Syracuse |
Syrakus (German), Siracusa (Italian, Romanian, Portuguese, Spanish), Syrakuzy (Polish), Syrakúzy
(Slovak), Sirakuza (Serbian), Siraküza (Turkish), Sirakuze (Slovene), Syrakusa (Finnish),
Sirakuso (Esperanto), Sirakūzai (Lithuanian), Siragüza (Arabic) |
| Szczebrzeszyn |
Shebreshin שעברעשין (Yiddish), Szczebrzeszyn (Polish) |
| Szczecin |
Scecinum / Stetinum (Latin), Stettin (German, Danish, Norwegian, Swedish), Szczecin (Polish),
Štětín (Czech), Štetín (Slovene), Stettino (Italian), Šćećin (Serbian),
Štetinas (Lithuanian) |
| Szczytno |
Ortelsburg (German), Ortulfsburg (older German), Szczytno (Polish) |
| Szeged |
Segedín (Czech), Szeged (Hungarian), Seghedino (Italian), Segedyn or Szegedyn (Polish),
Seghedin (Romanian) |
| Székesfehérvár |
Stoličný Bělehrad (Czech), Stolni Biograd (Croatian), Stuhlweißenburg (German),
Stoličný Belehrad (Slovak), İstolni Belgrad (Turkish) |
| Szentendre |
Sentandreja - Сентандреја (Serbian), Svatý
Ondřej (Czech), Szentendre (Hungarian) |
| Szombathely |
Kamenec (Czech), Steinamanger (German), Szombathely (Hungarian, Slovene) |
| English Name |
Other name(s) or older name(s) |
| Tallinn |
Lindanissa (Latin variant), Rävel (old Swedish name), Reval (old German name), Revalia (Latin),
Rewal or Tallin (Polish), Tālīn (Arabic), Talinas (Lithuanian), Taljin (Serbian),
Tallin (Norwegian, Russian, Swedish, Slovak, Spanish), Tallina (Latvian), Tallinna (Finnish), Talinas
(Lithuanian) |
| Tampere |
Tammerfors (Swedish), Tampere (Finnish), Tamperė (Lithuanian) |
| Taranto |
Taranto (Italian), Táras (ancient Greek), Tarent (Czech, German, Serbian), Tarente (French),
Tarento (Spanish), Tarentum (Latin) |
| Târgu Mureş |
Marosvásárhely (Hungarian), Neumarkt (German), Târgu Mureş or Tîrgu Mureş
(Romanian) |
| Tarnów |
Tarne (Yiddish), Tarnów (Polish) |
| Tartu |
Derpet (Yiddish), Dorpat (German, Polish), Tērbata (Latvian, before 1918), Tartto (Finnish),
Yur'yev (Russian) |
| Tashkent |
Tašqand (Arabic), Tasjkent (Dutch, Swedish), Tachkent (French), Taskéndē (Greek),
Taskent (Hungarian), Taszkient / Taszkent (Polish), Taškent (Russian, Ukrainian, Slovak,
Croatian, Serbian), Taşkent (Romanian, Turkish), Toshkent (Uzbek), Taschkent (German),
Taškentas (Lithuanian) |
| Tbilisi |
Teflis - تفلیس (Persian), Tiflīs (Arabic), Tbilissi (French),
Tbilisi (Georgian, Italian, Romanian, Slovene), Tiflis (German, Italian [obs.], Spanish, Turkish), Tyflída
(Greek), Tbiliszi (Hungarian), Tibilisi / Tyflis (Polish), Tbilisis (Lithuanian) |
| Tekirdağ |
Rodosto (Greek), Rodostó (Hungarian) |
| Terezín |
Terezín (Czech, Slovak), Theresienstadt (German) |
| Těšín |
Cieszyn (Polish), Teschen (German), Tešín (Slovak) |
| The Hague |
L'Aia (Italian), Gaaga (Russian), De Haach (Frisian), Den Haag / 's-Gravenhage (Dutch),
Haag (Czech, Finnish, Slovak, Slovene), Den Haag / der Haag (German), Haaha (Ukrainian), Hag
(Serbian), Haga (Polish, Romanian, Lithuanian), Hága (Hungarian), Haia (Portuguese), An Háig (Irish),
La Haya (Spanish), La Haye (French), Kháyi (Greek), Lāhāy (Arabic), Lahey
(Turkish) |
| Thessaloniki |
Saloniki (alternative Greek name), Săruna (Aromanian), Soluň (Czech), Thessalonique
(French), Saloniki (German, Polish), Salonicco / Tessalonica (Italian), Salonic (Romanian),
Selanik (Turkish), Solún (Slovak), Solun (Bulgarian, Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian, Slovene),
Salonica (alternative English name), Salónica (alternative Spanish name) Tesalónica (Spanish),
Tessalónica (Portuguese), Tessalonika (Finnish), Salonikai (Lithuanian) |
| Thionville |
Diedenhofen (German), Diedenhoven (former Dutch name), Thionville (French) |
| Timişoara |
Temešvár (Czech, Slovak), Temeswar / Temeschburg / (Temeschwar) (German), Temesvár
(Hungarian), Temišvar (Croatian, Serbian, Slovene), Timişoara (Romanian), Timiszoara (Polish),
Tamışvar (Turkish) |
| Tipperary |
Tiobraid Árann (Irish) |
| Tirana |
Tiranë / Tirana (Albanian), Tirana (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Tiran (Turkish) |
| Tongeren |
Tongeren (Dutch), Tongern (German), Tongres (French), Tongue (Walloon), Aduatuca
(Latin) |
| Tórshavn |
Thorshavn (Danish), Þórshöfn (Icelandic) |
| Toruń |
Toruń (Polish), Toruň (Czech), Thorn (German), civitas Torunensis (Latin),
Torń (Kashubian) |
| Toulon |
Tolone (Italian), Toulon (French) Tulon (Polish) |
| Toulouse |
Tolosa de Llenguadoc (Catalan), Tolosa (Italian, Latin, former Spanish name), Toulouse (French,
Portuguese), Tuluza (Polish), Tuluz (Serbian) , Tulūza (Lithuanian) |
| Trebizond |
Trabzon (Turkish), Trapezunt (German, Finnish, Polish, Romanian [obs.]), Trapezúnda (Greek),
Trebisonda (Spanish, Italian, Portuguese), Trébizonde (French) |
| Trent |
Trento (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Trient (German), Trident (Czech), Trente (French, Dutch),
Trydent (Polish) |
| Trier |
Trevír (Czech, Slovak), Trèves (French), Treviri (Italian), Trewir (Polish), Tréveris
(Spanish, Portuguese), Trive (Walloon) |
| Trieste |
Tergeste (Latin), Terst (Czech), Triëst (Dutch), Triest (German), Trieste (Italian,
Portuguese, Spanish), Trst (Croatian, Serbian, Slovene) |
| Trogir |
Traù (Italian), Trogir (Croatian) |
| Trondheim |
Nidaros (Norwegian 997-15th century and again 1930), Trondhjem (Dano-Norwegian 15th century-1929),
Trondheim (Norwegian 1931-1939 and 1945-present), Drontheim (1940-1945) (German name during WWII occupation),
Þrándheimur (Icelandic), Trondheimas (Lithuanian) |
| Tromsø |
Tromssa (Finnish, Sami) |
| Tübingen |
Tubinga (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Tubingue (French), Tubinky / Tybinky (Czech),
Tybinga (Polish) |
| Turin |
Torí (Catalan), Torino (Italian, Croatian, Hungarian, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene, Finnish, Turkish),
Turijn (Dutch), Turim (Portuguese), Turín (Czech, Slovak, Spanish), Turyn (Polish), Turinas
(Lithuanian) |
| Turku |
Åbo (Swedish), Aboa / Aboia / Turcua (Latin), Turu (Estonian), Turku (Finnish) |
| Tver |
Kalinin (former name), Tver (Italian, Slovene), Twer (Polish, German), Tverė
(Lithuanian) |
| Tyszowce |
Tishevits טישעװיץ (Yiddish), Tyszowce (Polish) |
| English Name |
Other name(s) or older name(s) |
| Vaasa |
Vasa (Swedish), Wasa (older Swedish name), Waza (Polish), Nikolainkaupunki (alternative old
Finnish name) |
| Valencia |
València (Catalan), Valence (French), Valencia (Slovene, Spanish), Valência (Portuguese),
Valencio or Valencujo (Esperanto), Walencja (Polish), Valensija (Lithuanian) |
| Valkenburg |
Valkenburg (Dutch), Fauquemont (old French) |
| Valletta |
il-Belt (colloquial Maltese), il-Belt Valletta (Maltese), Fālītā (Arabic), Valéta
(Greek), La Valeta (Portuguese), La Valette (French), La Valletta (Italian, Slovak), Valeta
(Lithuanian) |
| Venice |
Benátky (Czech, Slovak), Benetke (Slovene), al-Bunduqīya (Arabic), Feneyjar (Icelandic),
An Veinéis (Irish), Velence (Hungarian), Venècia (Catalan), Venecia (Spanish), Venecija
(Bulgarian, Croatian, Serbian, Russian, Ukrainian, Lithuanian), Veneco (Esperanto), Venedig (Danish, German,
Swedish), Venedik (Turkish), Venetía (Greek), Veneţia (Romanian), Venetië (Dutch),
Venetsia (Finnish), Veneza (Portuguese), Venezia (Italian), Venise (French), Vinitsia
(Yiddish), Wenecja (Polish) |
| Vienna |
Beč (Croatian, Serbian), Bécs (Hungarian), Dunaj (Slovene), Fienna (Welsh), Vena
(Russian, Ukrainian), Vīne (Latvian), Vídeň (Czech), Viedeň (Slovak), Viena (Catalan,
Lithuanian, Portuguese, Spanish, Romanian), Vienna (Italian), Vienne (French), Viénni (Greek), Vieno
(Esperanto), Vin (Yiddish), Vín (Irish), Vindobona (Latin), Viyana (Turkish), Wenen (Dutch),
Wiedeń (Polish), Wien (Finnish, German, Swedish) |
| Villach |
Bělák (Czech), Beljak (Slovene), Bilachium (Latin), Villach (German), Villaco
(Italian) |
| Vilnius |
Filniyūs (Arabic), Vilna (Italian, Spanish, Slovene, Finnish, Norwegian, Russian), Vilne (Yiddish),
Viļņa (Latvian), Vil'nja / Vil'njus (Belarusian), Vil'njus (Russian, Ukrainian),
Vilnjus (Serbian), Vilno (Czech, Russian), Wilna (German), Wilno (Polish) |
| Vitoria |
Gasteiz (Basque), Vitória (Portuguese), Vitorija (Lithuanian) |
| Vitsyebsk |
Vitebsk (Russian, Yiddish), Vitsyebsk (Belarusian) |
| Vladikavkaz |
Ordzhonikidze (former name 1932-1944 and 1954-1990), Dzaudzhikau (former name 1944-1954), Vladikaukazas
(Lithuanian) |
| Vlorë |
Vlorë / Vlora (Albanian), Valona (Italian, Serbian), Aulona (ancient name), Avlonya
(Turkish) |
| Volgograd |
Stalingrad (former name), Tsaritsyn (former name), Wołgograd (Polish), Carycyn (former
Polish name), Volgograd (Slovene), Volgogrado (Portuguese, Spanish), Wolgograd (German),
Estalinegrado (former Portuguese name), Estalingrado (former Spanish name), Stalingrado (former Italian
name), Volgogradas (Lithuanian) |
| Vyborg |
Viiburi (Estonian), Viipuri (Finnish), Viborg (Swedish), Wiburg (German) |
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