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Chippewa of the Thames First Nation No. 42 is an Indian reserve on the Thames River 24 km west of St. Thomas, Ontario, Canada. Its area is 33.3 km². In April 2004 the Chippewa of the Thames First Nation had a registered population of 2,221, of whom 876 lived on the reserve.
The reserve was established in 1819, as part of a treaty by which the Chippewa of the Thames sold 552,000 acres (2,234 km²) of land to the British for an annuity of £600 and the establishment of two reserves, of which reserve no. 42 is the larger. In 1840 the Chippewa reached an agreement with the Munsee-Delaware Nation to share the reserve. The Munsee portion of the reserve became part of the new Munsee-Delaware Nation No. 1 reserve in 1967.