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Chemical castration is a form of punishment reserved for male sex offenders, typically pedophiles and rapists. It is also a preliminary step in hormone treatment for transsexualism.
Chemical castration is more humane than actual castration. Additionally, it is not permanent.
Depo-Provera (a Progestin) is the drug used today. It "acts on the brain to inhibit hormones that stimulate the testicles to produce testosterone"