Bucket

A bucket, also called a pail, is a waterproof, vertical cylinder, open at the top and with a solid bottom, usually attached to a carrying handle and usually wider at the top. Buckets have been used since very ancient times, mainly for transporting water from a fountain or well into permanent reservoirs such as water holes and barrels.

At one time it was common for workers to carry food in a bucket and it was called a "lunch bucket" or "lunch pail". Folowing this practice, manufacturers began to construct buckets specifically for carrying food. See: lunchbox.

Bucket is also a mobile compartment for minerals and materials - mainly sand, dirt, minerals, and liquids (water). It enables storing, as well as rapid filling and emptying.

Bucket is also used to denote the scoop installed on a front loader, backhoe, or other industrial equipment.

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In computing, the term bucket can have several meanings. It is used both as a live metaphor, and as a generally accepted technical term in some specialised areas. A bucket is most commonly a type of data buffer or a type of document.

Features of a bucket

Various usages relate to different features. There is no usage that is consistent with every one of these features.

• The contents of a bucket are unsorted.
• A bucket has a fixed size, which is determined when it is created.
• A bucket has a limited number of states:
  • It may be empty.
  • It may be full or partly full. Some usages further distinguish:
    • It may be partly full.
    • It may be full. Some usages further distinguish:
      • It may be exactly full.
      • It may be overflowing.
• A bucket must exist before anything can be put into it.

Types of bucket

Bit bucket

This is a humourous but common phrase. Something goes into the bit bucket when it is deleted, generally irreversibly and quite often wrongly, such as files or emails that just disappear.

Legend suggests that computer technicians often charge people for emptying the bit bucket.

It has been commonly suggested that this usage dates from the days when punched cards and/or punched tape were common. Card and paper-tape punches each had a receptacle for the 'chips' punched from the cards or tape to create the holes (rectangular in a card, round in a paper tape), which often looked like a bucket and was known by this name. By analogy it was jokingly suggested that the CPU, which in those days was an equipment rack of similar size to a large peripheral unit, contained a similar receptacle for lost data.

Documentation bucket

A bucket is a document of no definite size to which information of interest is added with no structure. Many software packages have a README file which is a bucket containing the very latest information. In IBM culture, such a file is known as a bucket and is opened for critical fixes and fix packages.

Bucket (buffer)

Buffers known as buckets are used:

• In the bucket sort algorithm.
• In the leaky bucket (LB) algorithm for monitoring network flows.
• In bucket elimination algorithms.
• In token bucket algorithms for data transmission.
• In bucket brigade algorithms.

Other usages

The elements of a hash table are known as buckets.