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A Bear Market is a phase in the life of a stock market in which the value of most listed shares of stock fall, as reflected by a downward movement of the stock index.
Investors, anticipating further losses, are thus motivated to sell. An exaggerated bear market characterized by panic selling is called a stock market crash.
A bull market is a phase in which most share prices rise in the market .
See also: Stock market, Financial market, Behavioral finance