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A Backhoe is a piece of excavating equipment consisting of a digging bucket on the end of an articulated arm, also called a stick or dipper. Modern backhoes are powered by hydraulics. It gets its name because it is typically mounted on the back of a tractor or front loader. (Similar attachments for skid loaders are still called backhoes even though they are mounted on the front of the vehicle.)
A backhoe attached to a swiveling cab on top of tracks is called an excavator.