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An architect is a person licensed in the art of planning, designing and overseeing the construction of buildings, or more generally, the designer of a scheme or plan. See Architecture or Landscape Architecture
Architects are professionals, with requirements for practice varying greatly from place to place (see below).
The most prestigious award a living architect can receive is the Pritzker Prize. It is considered the equivalent of the Nobel Prize for architecture. Other awards for excellence in architecture are given by the American Institute of Architects and Royal Institute of British Architects.
Although architect is a specific term referring to a licensed professional, the word is frequently used in a broader sense to define someone who brings order to the built or unbuilt environment through rational and irrational constructs using the tools of reason (for example, webmasters or designers sometimes call themselves architects). However, non-licensed designers in the construction industry are prohibited from referring to themselves as architects in most countries.
In Canada, architects are required to belong to provincial Architectural associations that require them to complete an accredited degree in architecture, finish a multi-year internship process, pass a series of exams, and pay an annual fee to acquire and maintain a license to practice.
The United States, architects may hold one of three degrees; a Bachelor of Architecture, a Master of Architecture, or a Doctor of Architecture (abbreviated as B.Arch., M.Arch., and D.Arch., respectively).
Architectural interns are required to pass a series of 8 exams, referred to as the Architectural Registration Examination (the ARE) in order to become licensed. In addition, interns must have eight years of practical experience (which may include accredited degrees in architecture) before they may sit for the ARE.
The American Institute of Architects is the professional organization dedicated to offering a network of services to architects in the United States. Architects who are members of this organization are permitted to use the suffix AIA after their names. Although all members of the AIA are required to be licensed architects, not all architects are members of the AIA.
In the United Kingdom, the term Architect is protected by law, the latest regulations being made under the Architects Act 1997. Apart from Architects in the construction industry, the only other persons permitted to carry out business using the term are naval architects, landscape architects, and golf-course architects.
Construction industry architects (the subject of this article) must be registered with the Architects Registration Board in order to practice, and who also have the power to suspend or revoke registration. The ARB took over an expanded role from the now defunct Architects Registration Council of the United Kingdom (ARCUK) as a result of the 1997 law. In order to register, an Architect must be qualified in the UK or a European Economic Area country.
The leading professional body for architects in the UK is the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) .
See also UK topics.
The professional body for destination architects is the Institute of Destination Architects and Designers (IDAD) .
The architects in the list of notable architects are in chronological order of when they did their most important work (or emerged), and alphabetized within each time period.
Scott Sutherland School, Scotland
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