Andrew Bonar Law
Andrew Bonar Law (September 16, 1858 - October 30, 1923) was a Conservative British statesman and Prime Minister.
Although born in Kingston, New Brunswick, Canada, son of a Presbyterian minister, Law was raised by wealthy Scottish cousins. Law eventually became a partner in a Glasgow iron-working firm, and was elected to parliament as a Conservative in 1900. He associated himself with the Protectionist wing of the party led by Joseph Chamberlain, and after Chamberlain withdrew from politics in 1906, Law came to lead that wing of the party along with Chamberlain's son, Austen.
In 1911, Arthur Balfour resigned as leader of the Tories, and after a deadlock between Chamberlain and Walter Long, Law was elected Leader as a compromise candidate. Law's closest associate was his fellow Canadian, newspaper mogul William Maxwell Aitken (later Lord Beaverbrook). In the years prior to the outbreak of the First World War, Law focused most of his attention on the tariff issue and on the issue of Irish Home Rule, which he furiously opposed.
He entered the Coalition government as Colonial Secretary in 1915, and actually had a chance to be prime minister in 1916 but deferred to Lloyd George. He served in Lloyd George's War Cabinet first as Chancellor of the Exchequer and Leader of the House of Commons. At war's end he gave up the exchequer for the less demanding sinecure office of Lord Privy Seal, but remained Leader of the Commons. In 1921, ill health forced his resignation as Tory leader and Leader of the Commons in favor of Austen Chamberlain, but he returned in October 1922 to become Prime Minister when Tory backbenchers led by Stanley Baldwin forced the Conservatives to leave Lloyd George's coalition as a result of the complete failure of the Lloyd George government's policies in Turkey. He was replaced in May of 1923 by Baldwin, with whom he did not get along, because he was suffering from terminal throat cancer, of which he died later in the year in London.
Bonar Law's Government, October 1922 - May 1923
|width="40%" align="center"|Leader of the British Conservative Party
1911–1921
|width="30%" align="center"|Followed by:
Austen Chamberlain
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|width="30%" align="center"|Preceded by:
Lewis Harcourt
|width="40%" align="center"|Secretary of State for the Colonies
1915–1916
|width="30%" align="center"|Followed by:
Reginald McKenna
|width="40%" align="center"|Chancellor of the Exchequer
1916–1919
|width="30%" align="center"|Followed by:
Austen Chamberlain
|-
|width="30%" align="center"|Preceded by:
Herbert Henry Asquith
|width="40%" align="center"|Leader of the House of Commons
1916–1921
|width="30%" align="center" rowspan="2"|Followed by:
Austen Chamberlain
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|width="30%" align="center"|Preceded by:
The Earl of Crawford
|width="40%" align="center"|Lord Privy Seal
1919–1921
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|width="30%" align="center"|Preceded by:
Austen Chamberlain
|width="40%" align="center"|Leader of the British Conservative Party
1922–1923
|width="30%" align="center" rowspan="2"|Followed by:
Stanley Baldwin
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|width="30%" align="center"|Preceded by:
David Lloyd George
|width="40%" align="center"|Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
1922–1923
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