Western Xia

History of China
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Western Xia (西夏 pinyin Xi Xia), was the kingdom from 1032 up to 1227 of the Tibetan-speaking Tanguts tribes that was established in the 11th century and flourished through the early 13th century until it was conquered by the Mongols of the Yuan dynasty. It was located in what are now the northwestern Chinese provinces of Kansu (Gansu) and Shensi (Shaanxi) and Ningxia (Ningxia).

Occupying the area along the trade route between Central Asia and the West, the Tangut were formally a tributary state of first the Song and then the Jin. In actuality, they were de facto independent, and the interaction between the Jin, the Song, and the Western Xia is of interest to historians of diplomacy because they are an example of diplomatic relations between states of de facto equal power but within a diplomatic framework in which one state was formally superior.

Western Xia has its own written language which disappears after the kingdom was annihilated by the Mongols.

The ancient Xia Dynasty is often confused with this dynasty. Refer to Xia for other meanings of the Chinese character.

Rulers of Western Xia

Related Topics

• History of China
• List of past Chinese ethnic groups
• Chinese sovereign
• Mongols
• Jin Dynasty (1115-1234)
• Song Dynasty (960-1279)
• Liao Dynasty
• Gansu
• Xinjiang
• Uighurs
• Xia Dynasty
• Xia