Tooth braces

Braces are a collection of brackets (usually with a wire) that are used in orthodontics to correct alignment of teeth in the jaws of humans. Braces are often used to correct underbites, overbites, crooked teeth, and various other cosmetic and functional flaws of teeth. They can be used on one or both jaws, depending on where the flaws occur.

The Procedure

When braces are prescribed by an orthodontist, the rear molars on either side of the jaw(s) needing reshaping are first slightly spread out using small rubber bands called spacers. The small gaps between the molars formed by these spacers are needed to fit metal bands onto these molars, which are used as anchors for the braces. To ease comfort, these bands come in different sizes and shapes in order to ensure the best fit. After the bands are fitted, they are then cemented on to the molars, with a wire-holding attachment shielded with wax attached. Then, using the same cement, brackets designed to hold wires are glued to the teeth that need to be adjusted. Because this cement is not waterproof until it has hardened, a plastic device is placed over the teeth to shield the brackets and bands from saliva and other moisture until the cement has set. Then, a thin wire is run through the brackets and anchored to the metal bands in the rear. To ensure stability, small elastic bands are used to fasten the wire to each bracket, and the wire is bent around the end of the anchor. Pain or soreness from this procedure will occur but only for a few days. Periodically the orthodontist will change the wire in order to increase the tension on the teeth. Gradually, the teeth will move into the correct positions and the braces can be eventually removed.

Customization

The elastic bands used on the brackets are manufactured in many different colors, so that the person with braces can choose what color or colors he or she wants. Transparent plastic brackets may also be used for an "invisible" effect for those who deem regular metal brackets unsightly.

References in Culture

Braces are often seen as "geeky". However they also featured in the memorable mantra "Dental Plan...Lisa Needs Braces" from The Simpsons episode "Last Exit to Springfield", where Homer considers the fact that losing his work-based dental plan would force him to pay for braces for his daughter Lisa.