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Peshmerga is the term used by Kurds to refer to freedom fighters. Literaly meaning "those who face death" the peshmerga forces of Kurdistan have been around since the advent of the Kurdish independence movement in the early 1920s, following the collapse of the Ottoman and Safavid empires which had jointly occupied Kurdistan.
Peshmerga forces are often affiliated to prominent personalities such as Sheikh Mahmud or are affiliated to political parties such as the PUK, KDP and PKK. The peshmerga forces are currently involved in an dispute with the forces of the republic of Turkey. This conflict has resulted in 37,000 deaths since it's advent in 1984.
Peshmerga forces often wear traditional Kurdish garbs, e.g baggy trousers known as Sharwall and a plain jacket, with colourful sashes.