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Numeracy is the ability to understand and use numbers, especially the numbers encountered in everyday life. The term is by analogy with literacy. Innumeracy is a lack of numeracy.
Numeracy is often included in literacy programs, and is often seen as included in literacy.
Numeracy is considered a skill; the pathological inability to work with numbers, usually associated with neurological lesions, is Dyscalculia.
Numeracy is also called number sense, as in "common sense about numbers".