Murray Gell-Mann
Murray Gell-Mann (born September 15, 1929) is an American physicist.
Murray Gell-Mann received the 1969 Nobel Prize in physics for his work on the theory of elementary particles.
He introduced the "eightfold way" as a means to coherently organize the great numbers of particles that had been found by experimentalists in prior years.
The eightfold way establishes a clear link between quark arrangements and abstract algebra.
In the physics community it was his development of the idea of quarks, the conservation of strangeness (a quantity that quarks intrisically possess based on their type) under interaction with the Strong nuclear force, and the fact that they possess charges of ±1/3 or ±2/3. The interactions of quarks and gluons with the strong nuclear force is governed by a theory called Quantum Chromodynamics
Gell-Mann wrote a popular science book, The Quark and the Jaguar, Adventures in the Simple and the Complex, his biography is called Strange Beauty.
He earned a bachelor's degree in physics from Yale University, and a PhD in physics from MIT in 1951.
