Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) refers to the condition in which a foetus is unable to grow to its genetically determined potential size to a degree that may affect the health of the foetus. This can be contrasted to small for gestational age (Chronic hypertension

Pregnancy-associated hypertension
Cyanotic heart disease
Class F or higher diabetes
Hemoglobinopathies
Autoimmune disease
Protein-calorie malnutrition
Smoking
Substance abuse
Uterine malformations
Thrombophilia

Possible causes of IUGR related to the placenta and/or umbilical cord include the following:

Multiple gestation
Twin-to-twin transfusion
Abnormal cord insertion
Placental abnormality
Chronic abruption
Placenta praevia
Cord anomalies

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