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I Am Legend is a 1954 science fiction novel by Richard Matheson about a world-wide pandemic of a bacterium that causes vampirism. The hero is the last surviving unaffected human, living in a house fortified against nocturnal attacks by the infected, and sallying forth by daylight to kill the vampires besieging him.
It has twice been filmed, though the films are generally regarded by critics as having been very poor adaptations:
I Am Legend also indirectly inspired The Homega Man, a segment on a Halloween episode of The Simpsons, in which Homer Simpson survived a French neutron bomb attack to apparently become the last man on Earth.
In addition to 28 Days Later, just about all movies that feature vampiric-like creatures attacking individuals can be said to have been inspired by I Am Legend. Most notable amongst them being George Romero's Living Dead movies.