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Conventional Egyptian chronology



         


This is a conventional chronology of the rulers of ancient Egypt, taking into account well accepted developments during the 20th century but not including any of the major revision proposals that have also been made in that time. See also Revised Chronology, Egyptian chronology, Pharaoh.

Even within a single work, often archeologists will offer several possible dates or even several whole chronologies as possibilities. Consequently, there may be discrepancies between dates shown here and in articles on particular rulers. Often there are also several possible spellings of the names.

Predynastic Egypt is from .

The dates of Dynasties 1 to 10 are from Baines and Malek, Atlas of Ancient Egypt (Oxford, 1980).

The dates of Dynasties 11 to 20 are from Kitchen, "The Basics of Egyptian Chronology in Relation to the Bronze Age", in Astrom (ed) High, Middle or Low (Gothengurg, 1987), taking his low chronology.

The dates of Dynasties 21 to 26 are from Kitchen, Third Intermediate Period in Egypt (1973, Warminster).

(This information has been supplemented from The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, edited by Ian Shaw (Oxford, 2000), and , which was developed by .)

It should be noted that there is a 60 year discrepancy between the dates proposed by these two authors. There is no attempt to remove this in the combined chronology presented below, which is the “Conventional Chronology” that is quoted by David Rohl in A Test of Time (1995, Century).

All dates are BC

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Early Dynastic Period

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Dynasty 0

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1st Dynasty 2920-2770

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2nd Dynasty 2770-2650

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Position uncertain

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Old Kingdom

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3rd Dynasty

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4th Dynasty

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5th Dynasty

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6th Dynasty

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First Intermediate Period

Manetho, this is a group of 70 kings ruling 70 days: there is no evidence for this - it may be a later literary metaphor for chaos at the end of the Sixth Dynasty, chaos for which there is also no direct contemporary evidence.
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8th Dynasty

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Kings with Unknown Position


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9th and 10th Dynasties 2135-1986


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11th Dynasty

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Middle Kingdom

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11th Dynasty (continued)

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Unknown Position

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12th Dynasty

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Second Intermediate Period

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13th Dynasty

21 kings for about 63 years then

Then 6 more kings for about 20 years

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14th Dynasty

About 76 minor kings of the Delta, contemporary with the second half of the 13th dynasty.

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15th Dynasty 1633-1525

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16th Dynasty

32 minor kings contemporary with the 15th and 17th dynasties.

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17th Dynasty 1606-1539

About 15 kings in all, contemporary with the 15th dynasty, the last three being

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New Kingdom

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18th Dynasty

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19th Dynasty

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20th Dynasty

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Third Intermediate Period

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Tanite 21st Dynasty

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Theban 21st Dynasty

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22nd Dynasty

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23rd Dynasty

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24th Dynasty

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25th Dynasty

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26th Dynasty

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Late Period

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26th Dynasty (continued)






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